Cholesterol concentration effect on the bilayer properties and phase formation of niosome bilayers: A molecular dynamics simulation study

Somjid, Saowalak; Krongsuk, Sriprajak; Johns, Jeffrey

doi:10.1016/j.molliq.2018.02.077

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Lipid and cholesterol exchange data suggest that the cholesterol gradient involves a dilution effect from non-sterol lipids produced by the parasite and that the parasite actively maintains a level of low cholesterol [52,53]. Furthermore, increased membrane cholesterol decreases the temperature required for the plasma membrane to maintain its liquid phase and is directly related to temperature-dependent changes to the cell membrane [43,44,45]. Interestingly, during gametocytogenesis, cholesterol levels in the parasite increase significantly [22,54].…”

Section: Phospholipids In Plasmodiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid transport proteins in malaria, from Plasmodium parasites to their hosts

Ressurreição

Ooij

2021

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biolog

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Section: Phospholipids In Plasmodiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid transport proteins in malaria, from Plasmodium parasites to their hosts

Ressurreição

Ooij

2021

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biolog

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“…Solvent evaporation and the succeeding temperature difference created between the phases leads to vesicular formation characteristic of niosomes. The resultant niosomes were kept under refrigeration at 4-8 C for further studies [21,22].…”

Section: Preparation and Optimization Of Farnesol Loaded Niosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development, characterization and in vitro–in vivo evaluation of Farnesol loaded niosomal gel for applications in oral candidiasis treatment

Barot

Rawtani

Kulkarni

2021

Heliyon

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The aim of the study was to formulate and characterize the farnesol loaded niosomes comprising gel formulation and perform their in vitro-in vivo evaluation for applications in the treatment of oral candidiasis infections. Methods: Various gelling systems were evaluated for their rheological and stability properties. The formulation was statistically optimized using experimental design method (Box-Behnken). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to observe the niosomal surface morphology. Centrifugation method and dialysis method were used to find out the % entrapment efficiency (%EE) and in-vitro release of Farnesol, respectively. In-vitro antifungal effect and cell biocompatibility of the Farnesol loaded niosomal gel was also performed using Candida albicans (C. albicans) as the model organism and epithelial cell line (SW480) by MTT cytotoxicity assay. In-vivo skin irritation test was performed on rabbit skin. Key findings: Farnesol loaded niosomes were integrated into polymeric gel solution. The optimized formulation demonstrated acceptable % EE (>80%) and an optimum particle size (168.8 nm) along with a sustained release and a long-term storage stability for up to a period of 6 months. TEM and AFM observations displayed a spherical niosome morphology. Farnesol niosomal gel showed a higher antifungal efficacy, ex-vivo skin permeation and deposition in comparison to plain farnesol solution. The niosomal gel also showed negligible cytotoxicity to normal cells citing biocompatibility and was found to be non-toxic and non-irritant to rabbit skin. Conclusions: This novel niosome loaded gel-based formulation could make the oral candidiasis healing process more efficient while improving patient compliance. With the optimized methodology used in this work, such formulation approaches can become an efficient, industrially scalable, and cost-effective alternatives to the existing conventional formulations.

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“…At a high concentration, it was aggregated at the center of the niosome and increased membrane thickness, but at a low concentration, flavone crossed the bilayer. After that in 2018, i [133] used molecular dynamics simulations to represent the dynamical properties and structure of niosome formed by Span 60 and cholesterol molecules at various cholesterol concentrations (from 0 mol% to 70 mol%). They investigated whether cholesterol influences the structure of the niosome and its characteristics, including compressibility, area per molecule, and thickness.…”

Section: Molecular Dynamic Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Niosomes: A Novel Targeted Drug Delivery System

Akbarzadeh¹,

Sedaghatnia²,

Bourbour³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Nanotechnology is making significant transformation to our world, especially in healthcare and the treatment of diseases. It is widely used in different medical applications, such as in treatment and detection. Targeting diseased cell with nanomedicines is one of the numerous applications of nanotechnology. Targeted drug delivery systems for delivering various types of drugs to specific sites are such a dynamic area in pharmaceutical biotechnology and nanotechnology. Compared to conventional drugs, nanomedicines have a higher absorption and bioavailability rate, improving efficacy and minimizing side effects. There are several drug delivery systems including metallic nanoparticles, polymers, liposomes, and microspheres, but one of the most important is the niosomes, which are produced by nonionic surfactants. Because of the amphiphilic nature and structure, hydrophilic or hydrophobic drugs can be loaded into niosome structures. Other compounds, including cholesterol, can also be applied to the niosomes' backbone to rigidize the structure. Several variables such as the type of surfactant in niosome production, the preparation method, and the hydration temperature can affect the structure of the niosomes. Nevertheless, in-silico design of drug delivery formulations requires molecular dynamic simulation tools, molecular docking, and ADME (absorption; distribution; excretion; metabolism) properties, which evaluate physicochemical features of formulation and ADME attitudes before synthesis, investigating the interaction between nano-carriers and specific targets. Hence, experimenting in-vitro and in-vivo is essential. In this review, the basic aspects of niosomes are described including their structure, characterization, preparation methods, optimization with in-silico tools, factors affecting their formation, and limitations.

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Cholesterol concentration effect on the bilayer properties and phase formation of niosome bilayers: A molecular dynamics simulation study

Cited by 28 publications

References 34 publications

Lipid transport proteins in malaria, from Plasmodium parasites to their hosts

Lipid transport proteins in malaria, from Plasmodium parasites to their hosts

Development, characterization and in vitro–in vivo evaluation of Farnesol loaded niosomal gel for applications in oral candidiasis treatment

Niosomes: A Novel Targeted Drug Delivery System

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