Chlorpyrifos-induced oxidative stress in rats brain and protective effect of grape seed extract

Abstract

Oxidative stress is one of the possible mechanisms resulted from chlorpyrifos toxicity. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the in vivo effects of chlorpyrifos (7.5 mg/kg, s.c., for 28 days, 1/10 LD50 of CPF) on tissues antioxidant system of wistar rat and the efficacy of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE; 100 mg/kg/day body weight) as polyphenols to antagonize this response. The parameters were acetylcholinesterase (AChE), levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker of lipid peroxidation; reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were estimated in brain tissue. Administration of CPF for 28 days induced a significant increase in LPO levels and inhibition in brain AChE activity. Also, results showed significant decreases in GSH content, CAT and SOD activities in brain. Supplementation with grape seed proanthocyanidin extract to treated animals significantly (P< 0.05) attenuated the toxicity and oxidative stress evoked by CPF.

Evaluation of the Postnatal Effects Induced by Diazinon on the Growth of the Mice Offspring and the Development of Their Cerebellar Cortex

“…Previous studies detected similar findings [Nili-Ahmadabadi et al, 2018;Sonei et al, 2020]. Reduction in cholinesterase enzymes is a specific marker for proving DZN-induced toxicity [Singh et al, 2013;Nili-Ahmadabadi et al, 2018]. It caused a permanent inhibition of the AChE through oxidative desulfuration [Hassani et al, 2018;Nili-Ahmadabadi et al, 2018], which was accompanied by the accumulation of the endogenous acetylcholine that disturbs the balance between neurotransmitters and causes initiation of the process of acute intoxication [Al-Attar, 2015;Nurulain and Shafiullah, 2012;Sargazi et al, 2019].…”