Chlorpromazine Electro‐oxidation at BDD Electrode Modified with nZVI Nanoparticles Impregnated NiAl LDH

Abstract

Nanocomposite of nanoscale zero‐valent iron (nZVI) and layered double hydroxide (LDH) was used as modifier for boron‐doped diamond electrode in determination of anti‐psychotic drug chlorpromazine (CPZ). nZVI nanoparticles were prepared by liquid phase reduction of ferric chloride with sodium borohydride on the surface of NiAl LDH matrix owing to the strong exchange and confinement efficiency of LDH. The structure, binding and surface properties of the nZVI@LDH nanocomposite were monitored using powder X‐ray diffractometry, FT‐IR spectroscopy, scanning and transmission microscopy and BET techniques. The electrochemical properties of the modified electrode were investigated by CV and EIS, performed in a phosphate buffer containing ferro/ferricyanide as redox probe. The modified electrode exhibited excellent electrochemical performance compared with unmodified electrode. As regard potential application of the nanocomposite surface to the CPZ detection, square‐wave voltammetric signals showed a good linear correlation over CPZ concentrations in a broad range from 0.1 to 8.0 μM with low detection limit of 0.005 μM. Nevertheless, these results suggest that the proposed nanocomposite modifier surface provides exceptional synergy and significant enhancement effect to the voltammetric response of CPZ and thus could be applied as highly efficient and stable platform of sensors in clinical analysis.

Determination of Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride with a Layered Double Hydroxide Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode as a Nanocatalyst

“…The additional peaks in the graph are related to the electrode. This diffraction data is in good agreement with previous reports [24,34]. Figure 1 shows the CV curves of the bare and modified GCE in the presence and absence of the CPZ.…”

“…LSV test in potential range of 0 to À 1 V was performed to find the best potential for the electrodeposition of NiAlLDH thin layer in different electrolytes: a) KNO 3 0. as the supporting electrolyte using chronoamperometry method. The cathodic deposition was performed by applying potential of À 0.9 V for 160 s. After the electrodeposition process, the modified electrode was rinsed with DI water to remove physically adsorbed material and then employed for determination of CPZ [34].…”

“…Therefore, the NiAlLDH electrodeposition was performed at this potential ( Figure S3). The mechanism of electrochemical synthesis of NiAlLDH film on the GCE surface can be described as follows [23,34].…”

“…The layer structure of NiAlLDH increases the surface area of the electrode and the presence of Ni as an electrocatalyst cause increasing the sensitivity of the detection. In comparison to ref [34] our proposed electrode is simpler and cheaper and prepared at very short time (about 3 min). Also our electrode linear range is very wider with a lower detection limit.…”

“…To the best of our knowledge, there is only one report which have been published recently for CPZ determination using NiAlLDH. In this article boron-doped diamond (BDD) have been modified with NiAlLDH and zerovalent iron [34]. The LDH synthesis was chemical (coprecipitation method at a time longer than 24 h).…”