Chloroplast Fatty Acid Transformations in Nitrogen-Deficient and Senescent Tissues

Newman, David W.

doi:10.1104/pp.41.2.328

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The ratios of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids in the exudate was about 2: 1, whereas in the sclerotia the ratio was 1 :5. This change in ratios is somewhat similar to that when tissues cA!mole = 1.0 X (% monoenesI100) + 2.0 X (% dienes1100) + age, since in f~~n g i (Salmonowicz and Niewiadomski 1965) and higher plants (Newman 1966) the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids was found to decline in older tissues.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

Chemical studies on the exudate and developing sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) DeBary

Colotelo¹,

Sumner²,

Voegelin³

1971

Can. J. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

COLOTELO, N., J. L. SUMNER, and W. S. VOEGELIN. 1971. Chemical studies on the exudate and developing sclerotia of Sclerotirzia sckrotiorlrnl (Lib.) DeBary. Can. J. Microbiol. 17: 1189-1194. The exudate from sclerotia of 6-day-old cultures of Scle~.otinin sclerotiorirnz (Lib.) DeBary was found to contain cations, lipid:, ammonia, amino acids, proteins, and various enzymes. Disc-gel electrophoretic patterns of proteins, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase isoenzymes of the exudate differed from those of zclerotial extracts. Specific activities for catalase, peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase, and P-glucosidase enzymes of the exudate and sclerotial extracts were very similar. Cellulolytic and polygalacturonase activities for the exudate and sclerotial extracts were demonstrated. The nature and origin of the exudate are briefly discussed.Numerous small drops of clear liquid are frequently seen on the surface of developing sclerotia in culture, and within a short time these droplets increase greatly in size and may coalesce. Remsberg (1940) noted that the clear liquid from sclerotia of some Typhula species left a crystalline residue when dried on a microslide. This exudate has frequently been referred to by other workers but its chemical composition was not determined. Cooke (1969) fo~ind that the exudate from sclerotia of Sclerotiitia sclerotiorui~l and S. trifolioruin contained soluble carbohydrates, and referred to this exudate as being water that was actively excreted during the rapid development of sclerotia. The exudate from sclerotia of S. sclerotiorum has also been shown to have phenol oxidase activity and contain various salts, amino acids, and proteins (Jones 1970); however, details were not presented. A membrane enveloping the exudate on sclerotia of S. sclerotiorunt was reported by Colotelo et al. (1971) but the origin and nature of this membrane has not yet been determined.In conjunction with our studies on the enzyme changes associated with the development of sclerotia of S. sclerotiorum, the exudate was analyzed for those properties such as pH, dry matter content, inorganic ions, proteins, enzymes, free amino acids, lipids, and free ammonia, which are normally associated with sclerotia and mycelium. Where possible the properties of the exudate and sclerotial extracts were compared.The fungus, S . sclerotior~ml, originally isolated as sclerotia from diseased parsnips, was grown on a medium consisting of 300 g ground carrots, 16 g agar, and 700 ml deionized distilled water. A plug of inoculum, 7 mnl in diameter, from the periphery of a young colony grown o n the above medium was placed in the center of each Petri plate 138 mnl in diameter containing about 60ml of the carrot-agar medium. Cultures were incubated at 20°C.The liquid o n the surface of sclerotia of 6-day-old cultures was collected with a Pasteur pipette and analyzed immediately after being passed through a sterile 0.45-br Millipore filter. Sclerotia from these cultures were extratced using the following procedure and used for the electrophoretic stud...

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

Chemical studies on the exudate and developing sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) DeBary

Colotelo¹,

Sumner²,

Voegelin³

1971

Can. J. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…3). Similarly, Newman (1964) reported an increase in the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids in irondeficient squash plants. This indicates that lack of iron causes both a reduction in leaf lipids and a specific change in their composition.…”

Section: Lipidmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…A decrease in the MGDG to DGDG ratio of sugar-beet thylakoids has been reported (Nishio et al 1985a), and some earlier data have shown a decrease in the relative proportions of galactolipids in iron-deficient chloroplasts (Ostrovskaya et al 1970). In contrast, Newman (1964) found that plastids from leaves of irondeficient squash plants, had a lower ratio of phospholipids to galactolipids than plastids from healthy leaves. The proposed roles for thylakoid lipids include membrane characteristics favourable for stacking and membrane fluidity in relation to protein mobility (Quinn andWilliams 1983, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…As lipid metabolism in leaves requires a close cooperation between plastids and cytosol (Drapier et al 1982), all effects on chloroplast biogenesis might affect lipids. It should be noted that other mineral deficiencies such as nitrogen depletion, known to affect chloroplast biogenesis, are also able to depress the level of polyunsaturated fatty acids and particularly that of linolenic acid (Newman 1966). These similar effects on lipids could indicate that the affected desaturases are located in a compartment strongly affected by the mineral deficiency.…”

Section: Lipidmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Iron‐deficiency in pea leaves: Effect on lipid composition and synthesis

Abadı́a

Ambard‐Bretteville

Rémy

et al. 1988

Physiologia Plantarum

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1988. Irondeficiency in pea leaves: Effect on lipid composition and synthesis. -Physiol. Plant. 72: 713-717.The lipid composition of chlorotic leaves of Pisum sativum L. cv. Kelvedon Wonder, developed under iron-deficiency was determined and compared to similar material developed under normal nutrient conditions. All lipid classes were affected by iron-deficiency but to different extents, and thylakoid lipids were more affected than non-thylakoid lipids. The most striking results concerned changes in the fatty acid content of the main polar lipids. The linolenic acid of the galactolipids decreased to the benefit of more saturated fatty acids, mainly linoleic acid. In phosphatidylglycerol, the proportion of A'-rran.s-hexadecenoic acid decreased. Using radioactive acetate, lipid synthesis was investigated. Desaturation leading to linoleic acid was less affected by iron-deficiency than desaturation leading to A''-rra«.s-hexadecenoic and linolenic acids.

show abstract

“…Ober den EinfluB von Stickstoffmangel auf die Blatrlipide ist eben falls nur wenig bekannt. Einige Untersuchungen beschranken sich hauptsachlich auf die Veranderungen der Fettsauremuster bei olhaltigen Samen (DEMBINSKI et al 1967, ApPELQVIST 1968 in Blattern und isolierten Chloroplasten (NEWMAN 1966 Impatiens-Pflanzen, die in vollig stickstoff-oder phosphatfreiem Nahrmedium gezogen wurden, stell ten ihr Wachstum ein, zeigten Chlorosen, starke Anthocyanbildung und starben schlieBlich abo In den folgenden Untersuchungen wurde daher 1/ 100 der normal en Phosphat-bzw. Nitratgabe im Nahrmedium verwendet, bei der die Pflanzen morphologisch weit weniger geschadigt werden.…”

unclassified

Der Einfluß von Phosphat-Mangel-Ernährung auf die Synthese der Phospho- und Glykolipide bei Impatiens

Tevini¹

1971

Zeitschrift für Pflanzenphysiologie

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chloroplast Fatty Acid Transformations in Nitrogen-Deficient and Senescent Tissues

Cited by 20 publications

References 21 publications

Chemical studies on the exudate and developing sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) DeBary

Chemical studies on the exudate and developing sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) DeBary

Iron‐deficiency in pea leaves: Effect on lipid composition and synthesis

Der Einfluß von Phosphat-Mangel-Ernährung auf die Synthese der Phospho- und Glykolipide bei Impatiens

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About