Chloride diffusivity analysis of existing concrete based on Fick’s second law

Zhang, Junzhi; Wang, Jianze; Kong, Deyu

doi:10.1007/s11595-010-1142-4

Cited by 34 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…To clarify the permeability of BFRC under long-term axial load after elevated temperatures, a chloride ion penetration test of BFRC specimen under axial compression was conducted. Fick's second law is widely used to analyze the diffusion law of chloride ions in concrete [17]. A chloride ion diffusion model that considers the influences of different factors was developed by introducing parameters into the formula [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chloride Ion Penetration Mechanism in Basalt Fiber Reinforced Concrete under Compression after Elevated Temperatures

Qin

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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Chloride ion penetration frequently leads to steel corrosion and reduces the durability of reinforced concrete. Although previous studies have investigated the chloride ion permeability of some fiber concrete, the chloride ion permeability of the basalt fiber reinforced concrete (BFRC) has not been widely investigated. Considering that BFRC may be subjected to various exposure environments, this paper focused on exploring the chloride ion permeability of BFRC under the coupling effect of elevated temperatures and compression. Results demonstrated that the chloride ion content in concrete increased linearly with temperature. After exposure to different elevated temperatures, the chloride ion content in BFRC varied greatly with increasing stress. The compressive stress ratio threshold for the chloride ion penetration was measured. A calculation model of BFRC chloride ion diffusion coefficient under the coupling effect of elevated temperatures and mechanical damage (loading test) was proposed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chloride Ion Penetration Mechanism in Basalt Fiber Reinforced Concrete under Compression after Elevated Temperatures

Qin

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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“…This is made by an advanced software tool (ATENA [23]), which determines the structural response through the Nonlinear Fracture Mechanics (NLFM) able to evaluate carefully the cracking pattern due to applied loads. The same software incorporates a module able to perform diffusion analyses related to chloride ingress, utilizing a 1D transport model based on the second Fick's law [24].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability of Gerber Saddles in RC Bridges: Analyses and Applications (Musmeci Bridge, Italy)

2021

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Guaranteeing adequate safety levels in critical infrastructures such as bridges is essential to modern societies and their vital services. Bridges with reinforced concrete structures are subject to deterioration, especially due to corrosion effects. Gerber saddles are among the key components of bridges which are especially exposed to environmental actions due to their position and reduced possibility of inspection. In this paper, a framework for the durability analysis of these components is proposed, considering the simultaneous presence of permanent loads and environmental actions under the form of chloride ions. Nonlinear numerical simulations adopting the finite element code ATENA are performed, accounting for chloride ingress analyses. The presence of cracks (due to applied loads and/or design/construction defects) which may speed-up corrosion propagation, steel reinforcement loss, cracking and spalling, and their effects on the load-bearing capacity is considered. This framework has been applied to the Gerber saddles of a prominent reinforced concrete (RC) bridge, namely the Musmeci bridge in Potenza, Italy. Durability analyses made it possible to evaluate the saddles’ strength capacity (i) at the time of construction, (ii) after forty-five years since the construction, and (iii) at an extended time of fifty years. The results show that corrosion can influence both the ultimate load capacity and the collapse mechanism.

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“…In this study, three assumptions are made to simplify the problem: (i) diffusion is taken to be the major process, (ii) the cracks are not explicitly considered, but their presence will lead to an effective increase in diffusion coefficient as measured in the tests described in Section 3.2 and (iii) axisymmetric diffusion in the real situation is simplified into unidirectional diffusion (from outer grout surface into rebar surface) in a semi-infinite domain. The diffusion of chloride ions into concrete can then be described by Crank's solution to Fick's second law [34][35][36][37]. This law for a one-dimensional case is:…”

Section: Prediction Of Chloride Concentration On Steel Surface and Corrosion Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equation (3) assumed that the grout is homogenous, and the diffusion coefficient D is independent of chloride concentration and temperature (T). In fact, for a certain interval period, this second law of Fick's has been found to be a fair estimate for the depth of chloride in a homogenous structure either exposed to the ambient state of The diffusion of chloride ions into concrete can then be described by Crank's solution to Fick's second law [34][35][36][37]. This law for a one-dimensional case is:…”

Section: Prediction Of Chloride Concentration On Steel Surface and Corrosion Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Chloride-Induced Corrosion of Soil Nail with Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) Grout

Zhou

et al. 2021

Infrastructures

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Conventionally, a soil nail is a piece of steel reinforcement installed inside a hole drilled into the slope and filled with cement paste (CP) grout. Chloride penetration is a major deterioration mechanism of conventional soil nails as the CP grout is easy to crack with an uncontrollable crack opening when the soil nail is subject to loading or ground movements. Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) are a class of fiber-reinforced material exhibiting excellent crack control even when loaded to several percent of strain, and therefore, ECCs have great potential to replace traditional CP grout in soil nails for achieving a long service life. In this study, the chloride ion transport characteristics and electrically accelerated corrosion process of steel rebar in ECC and CP grouts are systematically studied. The rapid chloride ion penetration test results showed a reduction of 76% and 58% passing charges in ECC with 0.15% and 0.3% pre-loading strain, respectively, as compared to that in un-cracked CP. Furthermore, the accelerated corrosion experimental data showed that ECC under pre-loading strain still exhibited a coefficient of chloride ion diffusion that is 20–50% lower than CP grout due to the ability to control crack width. Service life calculations based on experimentally measured parameters showed that the predicted corrosion rate and corrosion depth of soil nails in ECC grout were much lower than those in CP grout. The findings can facilitate the design of soil nails with excellent durability and long service life.

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Chloride diffusivity analysis of existing concrete based on Fick’s second law

Cited by 34 publications

References 4 publications

The Chloride Ion Penetration Mechanism in Basalt Fiber Reinforced Concrete under Compression after Elevated Temperatures

The Chloride Ion Penetration Mechanism in Basalt Fiber Reinforced Concrete under Compression after Elevated Temperatures

Durability of Gerber Saddles in RC Bridges: Analyses and Applications (Musmeci Bridge, Italy)

Experimental Study on Chloride-Induced Corrosion of Soil Nail with Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) Grout

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