Chloramphenicol-Resistant Hæmophilus

Kattan, S.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(76)91663-9

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Although no enzymology was performed on the clinical donor strain, the presence of the enzyme in the recipient is diagnostic of gene transfer since (i) E. coli strain J5 had no detectable CAT before the experiments and failed to yield chloramphenicol-resistant colonies in the absence of cocultivation, and (ii) there are no known examples of chromosomal mutations in E. coli to cam that are mediated by the synthesis of CAT (8). The direct demonstration of chloramphenicol acetylation in H. parainfluenzae has been described by Kattan (7) in a clinical isolate from England (1) with the same cam tet resistance pattern as the Paris isolate described in this paper.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanism of Transferable Resistance to Chloramphenicol in Haemophilus parainfluenzae

Shaw

Bouanchaud

Goldstein

1978

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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A clinical isolate of Haemophilus parainfluenzae resistant to chloramphenicol and tetracycline transferred both cam and tet determinants to Escherichia coli K-12 during mixed cultivation on solid media irrespective of the selection employed. The doubly resistant transconjugant was found to contain levels of the enzyme chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) comparable to those found in R plasmid-bearing chloramphenicol-resistant enteric bacteria. Purification of CAT from the transconjugant was achieved by affinity chromatography, and the electrophoretically homogeneous protein was compared with previously characterized CAT variants specified by R plasmids. Although the CAT associated with cam from H. parainfluenzae was found to be distinct from the three types described previously, its N-terminal peptide amino acid sequence was identical with that determined for a type II CAT. Attempts to demonstrate covalently closed circular deoxyribonucleic acid in the H. parainfluenzae donor and the E. coli transconjugant were unsuccessful. The cam and tet determinants were nontransmissible from E. coli but could be cotransferred following the introduction of a suitable conjugative plasmid.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chloramphenicol has been an exceedingly useful antibiotic for the treatment of serious Haemophilus infections in the past and is now of special value in the management of ampicillin-resistant cases. Reports of chloramphenicol-resistant Haemophilus have been few in number but may be of great importance as an index of future clinical problems (1,7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Transferable Resistance to Chloramphenicol in Haemophilus parainfluenzae

Shaw

Bouanchaud

Goldstein

1978

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Epidemiology of Antibiotic Resistance inHaemophilus influenzae

Goldstein

Acar²

1995

Microbial Drug Resistance

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During the last 10 years, a continuous increase in the incidence of beta-lactamase-producing Haemophilus influenzae has been observed; in addition, beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant strains are better identified and more frequently isolated. During the same period, resistance to tetracyclines and chloramphenicol decreased to a very low level. The incidence of resistant bacteria is highly variable according to the site of infection, patient's age, type of Haemophilus, and country or region, according to local epidemiological factors. Follow-up multicenter studies are needed to monitor the evolution of resistance to these antibiotics and also emergence and spread of resistance to other antibiotics, such as new fluoroquinolones, new beta-lactams, and new macrolides.

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Dissemination of resistance plasmids among gentamicin-resistant enterobacteria from hospital patients.

Knight¹,

Casewell²

1981

BMJ

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755concentrations closely similar to the range found in our present study. A conspicuous early ultrastructural feature of alcoholic liver damage is large, swollen mitochondria, suggesting that mitochondrial damage may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease. Enzyme analysis of isolated hepatocyte mitochondrial fractions from patients with alcoholic steatosis, however, has failed to show evidence of mitochondrial damage.-Concentrations of enzymes associated with mitochondrial membranes were unchanged but concentrations of enzymes in the mitochondrial matrix, including glutamate dehydrogenase, were significantly raised in alcoholic steatosis. This suggests that raised serum concentrations of glutamate dehydrogenase might be due to either hepatocyte damage or alcohol induction of liver mitochondrial enzyme activity.Our study has therefore failed to confirm the usefulness of serum concentrations of glutamate dehydrogenase as an indicator of liver damage in patients with chronic alcoholism.

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Chloramphenicol-Resistant Hæmophilus

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Mechanism of Transferable Resistance to Chloramphenicol in Haemophilus parainfluenzae

Mechanism of Transferable Resistance to Chloramphenicol in Haemophilus parainfluenzae

Epidemiology of Antibiotic Resistance inHaemophilus influenzae

Dissemination of resistance plasmids among gentamicin-resistant enterobacteria from hospital patients.

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