Chlamydiae and Mycoplasma infections in pulmonary MALT lymphoma

Chanudet, Estelle; Adam, Patrick; Ag, Nicholson; Wotherspoon, A.C.; Ranaldi, Renzo; Goteri, Gaia; Sa, Pileri; H, Ye; Hk, Müller-Hermelink; Du, Miaomiao

doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6603981

Cited by 44 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The incidence of gastric MALT lymphoma is closely related to a helicobacter pylori infection; however, the current belief is that the incidence of pulmonary MALT lymphoma may be associated with an infection or smoking. 4) In this study, 10 patients had a history of pulmonary infection, long-term smoking, or both that supports the related report. Another study found that some autoimmune diseases such as Sjogren's syndrome and Hashimoto's thyroiditis can promote the incidence of pulmonary MALT lymphoma, but the specific mechanism remains unclear.…”

Section: Aetiologysupporting

confidence: 77%

Comparisons of Surgery and/or Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Primary Pulmonary Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma

Wang

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2015

ATCS

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Section: Aetiologysupporting

confidence: 77%

Comparisons of Surgery and/or Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Primary Pulmonary Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma

Wang

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2015

ATCS

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“…70,99,103 No conclusion can be drawn from the available information on antibiotic treatment in these lymphomas; the published data are scanty and possibly biased by the preferential publication of positive results.…”

Section: Other Bacterial Infections At Different Malt Sitesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…65 Further studies are warranted to investigate the potential pathogenetic role of the microorganism because no data demonstrating a causal relationship has yet been provided 102 and other microorganisms (Chlamydophila) were reported as possibly involved with MALT lymphoma of the lung. 103 Moreover, a previous history of lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia, which is frequently associated with autoimmune disorders, or of other rare nonneoplastic pulmonary lymphoid proliferations (follicular bronchiolitis and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia) support the concept that lymphoma may also evolve from these noninfectious inflammatory processes. 104 …”

Section: Achromobacter Xylosoxidans and Pulmonary Malt Lymphomamentioning

confidence: 98%

The spectrum of MALT lymphoma at different sites: biological and therapeutic relevance

Zucca

Bertoni

2016

Blood

235

205

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Extranodal marginal zone (MZ) B-cell lymphomas of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) arise from lymphoid populations that are induced by chronic inflammation in extranodal sites. The best evidence of an etiopathogenetic link is provided by the association between Helicobacter pylori–positive gastritis and gastric MALT lymphoma. Indeed, successful eradication of this microorganism with antibiotics can be followed by gastric MALT lymphoma regression in most cases. Other microbial agents have been implicated in the pathogenesis of MZ lymphoma arising at different sites. Apart from gastric MALT lymphoma, antibiotic therapies have been adequately tested only in ocular adnexal MALT lymphomas where upfront doxycycline may be a reasonable and effective initial treatment of patients with Chlamydophila psittaci–positive lymphoma before considering more aggressive strategies. In all other instances, antibiotic treatment of nongastric lymphomas remains investigational. Indeed, there is no clear consensus for the treatment of patients with gastric MALT lymphoma requiring further treatment beyond H pylori eradication or with extensive disease. Both radiotherapy and systemic treatments with chemotherapy and anti-CD20 antibodies are efficacious and thus the experience of individual centers and each patient’s preferences in terms of adverse effects are important parameters in the decision process.

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“…However, the rate of Chlamydia infection was judged to be below 20%, and no evidence for mycoplasms was found, suggesting that these pathogens are rarely associated with pulmonary MALT lymphoma. 37 In contrast to this, another study assessed a total of 5 patients with pulmonary MALT lymphoma who all tested positive for CP, whereas no evidence for C pneumoniae or trachomatis was detected. 38 Achromobacter xylodosaxidans is another potential candidate pathogen recently demonstrated in patients with pulmonary MALT lymphoma.…”

Section: Pulmonary Malt Lymphomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic therapy in nongastrointestinal MALT lymphoma: a review of the literature

Kiesewetter

Raderer

2013

Blood

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Although antibiotic therapy has been established as the standard of care in patients with gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, much less is known about the value of antibiotic therapy in nongastrointestinal (non-GI) MALT lymphomas. A computerized search (Medline) accompanied by a manual search to identify clinical reports on the topic of antibacterial therapy in patients with non-GI MALT lymphomas was performed. The majority of data were available for MALT lymphoma of the ocular adnexa (OAML) including a total of 131 patients in 4 retrospective studies, 3 prospective series (including 81 patients), and 1 case report. Treatment was exclusively targeting Chlamydophila psittaci (CP), using doxycycline in all but 2 studies. The median follow-up for these studies was 25 months, and both CP-positive as well as CP-negative patients responded. Complete remission was achieved in 23 patients (18%), 36 (27%) had a partial remission, 55 (42%) had stable disease, and 8 patients (6%) had progressive disease accounting for an overall response rate of 45%. In the largest study, a better response was suggested in CP-positive patients. By contrast, only scattered reports could be found for other non-GI localizations, allowing no conclusion about the benefit of antibiotic therapy and probably resulting in a publication bias toward positive cases. Based on these results, antibiotic therapy using doxycycline appears to be a reasonable first-line therapy for patients with OAML. Antibiotics, however, remain experimental for the time being in patients with other non-GI MALT lymphomas. Further preclinical studies as well as large-scale therapeutic trials are warranted to define the role of antibiotic therapy in such patients.

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Chlamydiae and Mycoplasma infections in pulmonary MALT lymphoma

Cited by 44 publications

References 16 publications

Comparisons of Surgery and/or Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Primary Pulmonary Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma

Comparisons of Surgery and/or Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Primary Pulmonary Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma

The spectrum of MALT lymphoma at different sites: biological and therapeutic relevance

Antibiotic therapy in nongastrointestinal MALT lymphoma: a review of the literature

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