Chitosanase from the Plant Pathogenic Fungus,<i>Fusarium solani</i>f. sp.<i>Phaseoli</i>—Purification and Some Properties

Shimosaka, Makoto; Nogawa, Masahiro; Ohno, Yasuyo; Okazaki, Mitsuo

doi:10.1271/bbb.57.231

Cited by 64 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…In contrast, the physiological role of fungal chitosanases is unclear, since exogenously added chitosan cannot be utilized as carbon source by most fungi. 1,2) Chitin is an important component of the cell walls of fungi and its deacetylated form, chitosan, is also found in a limited group of fungi.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning and Characterization of a Gene Coding for a Major Extracellular Chitosanase from the Koji MoldAspergillus oryzae

Sugita

Sugii

Sato

et al. 2012

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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confidence: 99%

Cloning and Characterization of a Gene Coding for a Major Extracellular Chitosanase from the Koji MoldAspergillus oryzae

Sugita

Sugii

Sato

et al. 2012

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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“…Alternatively, an enzymatic process to produce oligosaccharides by using chitosanases has been tried (14). Chitosanases have been found in abundance in a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria (24,31,32,48) and fungi (1,38). Because most of these chitosanases hydrolyze chitosan by an endo-type cleavage, these enzymes produce oligosaccharides ranging from dimer to octamer of GlcN in their compositions.…”

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Purification and Characterization of Chitosanase from Bacillus sp. Strain KCTC 0377BP and Its Application for the Production of Chitosan Oligosaccharides

Choi

Kim

Piao

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

163

106

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For the enzymatic production of chitosan oligosaccharides from chitosan, a chitosanase-producing bacterium, Bacillus sp. strain KCTC 0377BP, was isolated from soil. The bacterium constitutively produced chitosanase in a culture medium without chitosan as an inducer. The production of chitosanase was increased from 1.2 U/ml in a minimal chitosan medium to 100 U/ml by optimizing the culture conditions. The chitosanase was purified from a culture supernatant by using CM-Toyopearl column chromatography and a Superose 12HR column for fast-performance liquid chromatography and was characterized according to its enzyme properties. The molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated to be 45 kDa by means of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme demonstrated bifunctional chitosanase-glucanase activities, although it showed very low glucanase activity, with less than 3% of the chitosanase activity. Activity of the enzyme increased with an increase of the degrees of deacetylation (DDA) of the chitosan substrate. However, the enzyme still retained 72% of its relative activity toward the 39% DDA of chitosan, compared with the activity of the 94% DDA of chitosan. The enzyme produced chitosan oligosaccharides from chitosan, ranging mainly from chitotriose to chitooctaose. By controlling the reaction time and by monitoring the reaction products with gel filtration high-performance liquid chromatography, chitosan oligosaccharides with a desired oligosaccharide content and composition were obtained. In addition, the enzyme was efficiently used for the production of low-molecular-weight chitosan and highly acetylated chitosan oligosaccharides. A gene (csn45) encoding chitosanase was cloned, sequenced, and compared with other functionally related genes. The deduced amino acid sequence of csn45 was dissimilar to those of the classical chitosanase belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 46 but was similar to glucanases classified with glycoside hydrolase family 8.Chitosan is currently obtained by the deacetylation of chitin (poly-␤-1,4-D-N-acetylglucosamine) that has been extracted from an abundant source of shrimp or crab shells. Deacetylated chitosans are produced by treating chitin in a concentrated alkaline solution (50%, wt/vol) and boiling it for several hours (34). Chitosan is also found in nature; it is found in the cell walls of fungi of the class Zygomycetes, in the chlorophycean algae Chlorella sp. (26), and in insect cuticles (2). These natural chitosans are synthesized by the tandem action of chitin synthetase and chitin deacetylase, as shown for Mucor rouxii and Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (9). Both chemical and enzymatic procedures for chitosan production result in the incomplete deacetylation of chitin, which yields chitosans in the intermediate range of the degree of deacetylation (DDA). Consequently, chitosan can be considered as a partly deacetylated derivative of chitin; it must have diverse structures containing hetero-linkages of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)-glucosamine (GlcN) and Gl...

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“…Chitosanases are produced by various bacteria [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] and fungi, 8,9) and are useful for the preparation of biofunctional chitooligosaccharides. Chitosanases sequenced so far have been put into four families of glycosyl hydrolases on the basis of their sequence similarity.…”

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Novel Chitosanase fromStreptomyces griseusHUT 6037 with Transglycosylation Activity

Tanabe

Morinaga

Fukamizo

et al. 2003

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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Chitosanase from the Plant Pathogenic Fungus,Fusarium solanif. sp.Phaseoli—Purification and Some Properties

Cited by 64 publications

References 7 publications

Cloning and Characterization of a Gene Coding for a Major Extracellular Chitosanase from the Koji MoldAspergillus oryzae

Cloning and Characterization of a Gene Coding for a Major Extracellular Chitosanase from the Koji MoldAspergillus oryzae

Purification and Characterization of Chitosanase from Bacillus sp. Strain KCTC 0377BP and Its Application for the Production of Chitosan Oligosaccharides

Novel Chitosanase fromStreptomyces griseusHUT 6037 with Transglycosylation Activity

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