Cloning and Characterization of a Gene Coding for a Major Extracellular Chitosanase from the Koji Mold<i>Aspergillus oryzae</i>

Sugita, Akira; Sugii, Ayako; Sato, Kazuaki; Zhang, Xiaoyong; Dai, Anlan; Taguchi, Goro; Shimosaka, Makoto

doi:10.1271/bbb.110605

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This indicates that the consumption of sulfate is increasing, or even relatively insufficient, which leads to excessive consumption of 34 S in sulfate, resulting in a rapid increase of 34 S in sulfides, usually close to the value of sulfate in seawater. This was a pattern similar to those found in the Nankai Trough and northern SCS, where the occurrence of AOM significantly increase CRS contents and δ 34 S CRS values of the sediments [6,57]. Therefore, the observed high CRS content and δ 34 S CRS values within depths of Unit III may indicate the intensification of AOM–SR and the current and/or past locations of the SMTZ.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Characteristics of Authigenic Minerals around the Sulfate-Methane Transition Zone in the Methane-Rich Sediments of the Northern South China Sea: Inorganic Geochemical Evidence

Sun

Xie

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Sediments at marine cold seep areas provide potential archives of past fluid flow, which allow insights into the evolution of past methane seepage activities. However, signals for anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) might be obscured in bulk sediments in cold-seep settings due to several factors, especially flood and turbidite deposition. Comprehensive inorganic data were gathered in this study to explore the availability of related records at cold seeps and to provide insights into the evolution of past methane seepage activities. Sediments collected from the site 973-4 in the Taixinan Basin on the northern slope of the South China Sea were characterized in terms of total carbon and sulfur, δ13C values of total organic carbon (δ13CTIC), δ34S values of chromium reducible sulfur (δ34SCRS), and foraminiferal oxygen and carbon isotopes. The results confirmed a strong correlation between formation of authigenic minerals and AOM. Moreover, the 34S enrichments and abundant chromium reducible sulfur (CRS) contents in the authigenic sulfides in the sulfate–methane transition zone (SMTZ) within 619–900 cm below seafloor (cmbsf) reflected past high methane fluxes supported by constant methane seepages. Lithological distribution and AMS (Accelerator Mass Spectra) 14C dating of planktonic foraminifera show that the turbidite (~35.14 ka) was related to a foraminifera-rich interval (Unit II: 440-619 cmbsf) and increased carbonate productivity during the last glacial maximum (LGM). Enrichment of Mo and U was observed accompanied by low contents of nutrient metals (Al, Ti, V, Ni, Fe, Mn, and Cu) in Unit II. The foraminifera-rich interval (Unit II) of cold seep sediments was probably linked to the phenomenon of inconsecutive sedimentary sequence due to the turbidites, which resulted in the lack of Fe, Mn, and Ba enrichment. There is no U enrichment but only Mo enrichment within Unit III, which might be related to H2S produced by AOM during the methane seepages. Based on the above results, it can be speculated that this area has experienced multiple-episodes of methane seep events. Further exploration of AOM should focus on the risks of rapid deposition, especially the impact of turbidity current on sediments.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Characteristics of Authigenic Minerals around the Sulfate-Methane Transition Zone in the Methane-Rich Sediments of the Northern South China Sea: Inorganic Geochemical Evidence

Sun

Xie

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…Identified in KMS cluster 16, which contains >50% of genes encoding CAZymes, An16g00670.Aspni5_127791 showed increased expression on KMS from 9 to 24 h. A Phyre2 HMM-based search for structurally similar proteins [ 48 ] identified similarity to B. subtilis YuiC (PDB 4wjt), which cleaves chitin oligosaccharides, with conservation of the catalytic residue [ 49 ]. The mycoCLAP database for characterised lignocellulolytic enzymes [ 50 ] indicated similarity to the linker and chitosan-binding domain [ 51 ] of GH75 chitosanases. These results suggest that An16g00670.Aspni5_127791 may have chitin or chitosan binding/hydrolysis function.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Aspergillus niger CAZymes is determined by compositional changes in wheat straw generated by hydrothermal or ionic liquid pretreatments

Daly

Munster

Blythe

et al. 2017

Biotechnol Biofuels

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BackgroundThe capacity of fungi, such as Aspergillus niger, to degrade lignocellulose is harnessed in biotechnology to generate biofuels and high-value compounds from renewable feedstocks. Most feedstocks are currently pretreated to increase enzymatic digestibility: improving our understanding of the transcriptomic responses of fungi to pretreated lignocellulosic substrates could help to improve the mix of activities and reduce the production costs of commercial lignocellulose saccharifying cocktails.ResultsWe investigated the responses of A. niger to untreated, ionic liquid and hydrothermally pretreated wheat straw over a 5-day time course using RNA-seq and targeted proteomics. The ionic liquid pretreatment altered the cellulose crystallinity while retaining more of the hemicellulosic sugars than the hydrothermal pretreatment. Ionic liquid pretreatment of straw led to a dynamic induction and repression of genes, which was correlated with the higher levels of pentose sugars saccharified from the ionic liquid-pretreated straw. Hydrothermal pretreatment of straw led to reduced levels of transcripts of genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes as well as the derived proteins and enzyme activities. Both pretreatments abolished the expression of a large set of genes encoding pectinolytic enzymes. These reduced levels could be explained by the removal of parts of the lignocellulose by the hydrothermal pretreatment. The time course also facilitated identification of temporally limited gene induction patterns.ConclusionsThe presented transcriptomic and biochemical datasets demonstrate that pretreatments caused modifications of the lignocellulose, to both specific structural features as well as the organisation of the overall lignocellulosic structure, that determined A. niger transcript levels. The experimental setup allowed reliable detection of substrate-specific gene expression patterns as well as hitherto non-expressed genes. Our data suggest beneficial effects of using untreated and IL-pretreated straw, but not HT-pretreated straw, as feedstock for CAZyme production.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13068-017-0700-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Among the proteins mainly secreted in the aspersed and immersed BfRs, we observed large quantities of chitosanase (CsnC) and exo-glucanase (ExgA). The chitosanase CsnC catalyzes the cleavage of chitosan, the deacetylated form of the chitin polymer, a component of fungal cell walls (Sugita et al 2012). The exo-glucanase (ExgA) is responsible for the hydrolysis of the glucosidic bond found in β-1-3-glucan, a component of fungal cell walls.…”

Section: -D Gel Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fungal biofilm reactor based on metal structured packing improves the quality of a Gla::GFP fusion protein produced by Aspergillus oryzae

Zune

Delepierre

Gofflot

et al. 2015

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Cloning and Characterization of a Gene Coding for a Major Extracellular Chitosanase from the Koji MoldAspergillus oryzae

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Characteristics of Authigenic Minerals around the Sulfate-Methane Transition Zone in the Methane-Rich Sediments of the Northern South China Sea: Inorganic Geochemical Evidence

Characteristics of Authigenic Minerals around the Sulfate-Methane Transition Zone in the Methane-Rich Sediments of the Northern South China Sea: Inorganic Geochemical Evidence

Expression of Aspergillus niger CAZymes is determined by compositional changes in wheat straw generated by hydrothermal or ionic liquid pretreatments

A fungal biofilm reactor based on metal structured packing improves the quality of a Gla::GFP fusion protein produced by Aspergillus oryzae

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