Chitosan Induces Plant Hormones and Defenses in Tomato Root Exudates

Suarez-Fernandez, Marta; Marhuenda-Egea, Frutos C.; López-Moya, Federico; Arnao, Marino B.; Cabrera‐Escribano, Francisca; Nueda, María José; Gunsè, Benet; López-Llorca, Luis Vicente

doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.572087

Cited by 59 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…This elicitor also increased the thickness of leaf blade, palisade tissue, spongy parenchyma, midrib region, and dimension of vascular bundles that resulted cucumber more resistant to downy mildew pathogen (Farouk, Ghoneem, & Ali, 2008). Chitosan was also reported induces plant defenses in tomato root exudates against Fusarium wilt and root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica by triggering reactive oxygen species that mediated to alter chemical components of the cells and lipids (Suarez-Fernandez et al, 2020). On the other hand, reduction of Fusarium wilt disease incidence and severity based on the split-root method in our present study indicates that chitin containing materials e.g.…”

Section: Effects Of Treatments On Disease Developmentsupporting

confidence: 57%

Control of Banana Wilt Disease Caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht f.sp. cubense (E. F. Smith) Using Crab Shell Powder and Chitosan

Widodo

Harti

Wiyono³

2021

Agrivita.J.Agr.Sci

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This research was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of crab shell powder and chitosan to control Fusarium wilt disease on bananas and to analyze the involved control mechanisms. The effectiveness of crab shell powder and chitosan to F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense was examined in a laboratory (in vitro) and greenhouse (in planta). In vitro evaluation showed that chitosan has an antifungal effect while crab shell powder did not. Application of crab shell powder and chitosan suppressed the disease in green house test. The concentrations of crab shell powder and chitosan that most effective to control Fusarium wilt incidences were 0.25% and 0.10% with an efficacy rate of 66.7% and 83.3%, respectively. The highest disease severity reduction was showed by crab shell powder 0.25% and chitosan 0.50% with an efficacy rate of 56.8% and 59.4%, respectively. Suppression of the disease might be due to the fungicidal effect of chitosan and the increase of the total population of bacteria and chitinolytic bacteria in the rhizosphere when banana seedling roots were treated with crab shell powder or chitosan. Experiment results using the split roots technique exhibited the role of crab shell powder and chitosan potentially to induce the resistance of banana to Fusarium wilt.

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Section: Effects Of Treatments On Disease Developmentsupporting

confidence: 57%

Control of Banana Wilt Disease Caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht f.sp. cubense (E. F. Smith) Using Crab Shell Powder and Chitosan

Widodo

Harti

Wiyono³

2021

Agrivita.J.Agr.Sci

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“…In addition, an increased chitosan amount may lead to the accumulation of growth‐related plant hormones. [ 26 ] As a result, IBA stimulates ethylene biosynthesis, which triggers the production of abscisic acid. Abscisic acid causes the stomata close, the leaves age with ethylene and eventually death when transported to different organs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan and silver nanoparticles are attractive auxin carriers: A comparative study on the adventitious rooting of microcuttings in apple rootstocks

Korpayev

Karakeçili

Dumanoğlu

et al. 2021

Biotechnology Journal

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Nanocarriers for encapsulation and sustained release of agrochemicals such as auxins have emerged as an attractive strategy to provide enhanced bioavailability and efficacy for improved crop yields and nutrition quality. Here, a comparative study was conducted on the effectiveness of chitosan‐as a biopolymeric nanocarrier‐ and silver‐as a metallic nanocarrier‐ on in vitro adventitious rooting potential of microcuttings in apple rootstocks, for the first time. Auxins indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) and indole‐3‐butyric acid (IBA) loaded silver (nAg) or chitosan nanoparticles (nChi) were synthesized. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy studies showed the spherical shape of the nanoparticles. The average particle size of IAA‐nChi was 167.5 ± 0.1 nm while that of IBA‐nChi was 123.2 ± 2.6 nm. The hydrodynamic diameter of the nAg‐IAA and nAg‐IBA particles were measured as 93.66 ± 5 nm and 71.41 ± 3 nm, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses confirmed the encapsulation of IAA or IBA in the chitosan nanoparticles. Meanwhile, the characteristic peaks of IAA or IBA were detected on silver nanoparticles. In‐vitro adventitious rooting of microcuttings of Malling Merton 106 (MM 106) was significantly higher both in chitosan and silver nanoparticles loaded with IAA or IBA (91.7%–62.5%) compared to free IAA or IBA applications (50.0%–33.3%), except for 2.0 mg L–1 IBA (66.7%). However, the application of 2 mg L–1 IBA and IBA‐nChi at all concentrations caused an undesirable large callus development.

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“…In our study, DIMBOA as well as a wide range of phytohormones with some (SA, JA, ABA. IAA) previously detected in root exudates of other plants, e.g., Arabidopsis [ 21 ], Avena [ 13 ], citrus [ 61 ] and tomato [ 62 ], were analyzed using targeted LC–MS/MS of maize root exudates. However, this is the first report of SA, JA, ABA, and IAA, as well as cZ, tZR, Me-IAA and JA-Ile detection in maize root exudates, collected with either water or CaCl 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A glass bead semi-hydroponic system for intact maize root exudate analysis and phenotyping

et al. 2022

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Background Although there have been numerous studies describing plant growth systems for root exudate collection, a common limitation is that these systems require disruption of the plant root system to facilitate exudate collection. Here, we present a newly designed semi-hydroponic system that uses glass beads as solid support to simulate soil impedance, which combined with drip irrigation, facilitates growth of healthy maize plants, collection and analysis of root exudates, and phenotyping of the roots with minimal growth disturbance or root damage. Results This system was used to collect root exudates from seven maize genotypes using water or 1 mM CaCl2, and to measure root phenotype data using standard methods and the Digital imaging of root traits (DIRT) software. LC–MS/MS (Liquid Chromatography—Tandem Mass Spectrometry) and GC–MS (Gas Chromatography—Mass Spectrometry) targeted metabolomics platforms were used to detect and quantify metabolites in the root exudates. Phytohormones, some of which are reported in maize root exudates for the first time, the benzoxazinoid DIMBOA (2,4-Dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one), amino acids, and sugars were detected and quantified. After validating the methodology using known concentrations of standards for the targeted compounds, we found that the choice of the exudate collection solution affected the exudation and analysis of a subset of analyzed metabolites. No differences between collection in water or CaCl2 were found for phytohormones and sugars. In contrast, the amino acids were more concentrated when water was used as the exudate collection solution. The collection in CaCl2 required a clean-up step before MS analysis which was found to interfere with the detection of a subset of the amino acids. Finally, using the phenotypic measurements and the metabolite data, significant differences between genotypes were found and correlations between metabolites and phenotypic traits were identified. Conclusions A new plant growth system combining glass beads supported hydroponics with semi-automated drip irrigation of sterile solutions was implemented to grow maize plants and collect root exudates without disturbing or damaging the roots. The validated targeted exudate metabolomics platform combined with root phenotyping provides a powerful tool to link plant root and exudate phenotypes to genotype and study the natural variation of plant populations.

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Chitosan Induces Plant Hormones and Defenses in Tomato Root Exudates

Cited by 59 publications

References 88 publications

Control of Banana Wilt Disease Caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht f.sp. cubense (E. F. Smith) Using Crab Shell Powder and Chitosan

Control of Banana Wilt Disease Caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht f.sp. cubense (E. F. Smith) Using Crab Shell Powder and Chitosan

Chitosan and silver nanoparticles are attractive auxin carriers: A comparative study on the adventitious rooting of microcuttings in apple rootstocks

A glass bead semi-hydroponic system for intact maize root exudate analysis and phenotyping

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