Chitosan hydrogel, as a biological macromolecule-based drug delivery system for exosomes and microvesicles in regenerative medicine: a mini review

Guo, Lan; Guan, Yue; Liu, Peng; Gao, Lian; Wang, Zhifu; Huang, Shengbing; Peng, Liang; Zhao, Zhiyu

doi:10.1007/s10570-021-04330-7

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…Therefore, an edible coating is the most utilized method in active food packaging [30]. As Figure 1 shows, edible biopolymers are classified into three main sub-branches: polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids [31][32][33][34]. In addition, numerous studies have investigated edible biopolymer film-forming capabilities with potential applications in food packaging [35][36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Edible Biopolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefo an edible coating is the most utilized method in active food packaging [30]. As Figur shows, edible biopolymers are classified into three main sub-branches: polysaccharid proteins, and lipids [31][32][33][34]. In addition, numerous studies have investigated edible opolymer film-forming capabilities with potential applications in food packaging Therefore, different classes of edible biopolymers, along with the well-known examp of each group with film-forming capabilities, will be discussed in the following section…”

Section: Edible Biopolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary sources of chitin are shrimp shells, lobsters, crabs peritrophic membranes, and insect cocoons. Many studies have shown that the application of chitosan in different fields such as medicine [33], cosmetics [34], agriculture [41], and several other applications [42]. Of note, the chitosan application in the food industry increased after 2001 when the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the edibility of chitosan [43].…”

Section: Chitosanmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Edible Polymers and Secondary Bioactive Compounds for Food Packaging Applications: Antimicrobial, Mechanical, and Gas Barrier Properties

et al. 2022

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Edible polymers such as polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids are biodegradable and biocompatible materials applied as a thin layer to the surface of food or inside the package. They enhance food quality by prolonging its shelf-life and avoiding the deterioration phenomena caused by oxidation, humidity, and microbial activity. In order to improve the biopolymer performance, antimicrobial agents and plasticizers are also included in the formulation of the main compounds utilized for edible coating packages. Secondary natural compounds (SC) are molecules not essential for growth produced by some plants, fungi, and microorganisms. SC derived from plants and fungi have attracted much attention in the food packaging industry because of their natural antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and their effect on the biofilm’s mechanical properties. The antimicrobial and antioxidant activities inhibit pathogenic microorganism growth and protect food from oxidation. Furthermore, based on the biopolymer and SC used in the formulation, their specific mass ratio, the peculiar physical interaction occurring between their functional groups, and the experimental procedure adopted for edible coating preparation, the final properties as mechanical resistance and gas barrier properties can be opportunely modulated. This review summarizes the investigations on the antimicrobial, mechanical, and barrier properties of the secondary natural compounds employed in edible biopolymer-based systems used for food packaging materials.

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Section: Edible Biopolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Edible Biopolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chitosanmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Edible Polymers and Secondary Bioactive Compounds for Food Packaging Applications: Antimicrobial, Mechanical, and Gas Barrier Properties

et al. 2022

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“…Encasing EVs in hydrogels allowed for their extended‐release, the lower dosage required, and fewer frequent EV injections, all of which can help patients experience less discomfort 18 . Encapsulating EVs in IPN hydrogel boosted their retention in such scaffolds for a longer period of time by reducing pore size and delaying degradation of single network hydrogels 19–22 . As a result, the current study also assessed IPN‐based EV delivery for bone applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…18 Encapsulating EVs in IPN hydrogel boosted their retention in such scaffolds for a longer period of time by reducing pore size and delaying degradation of single network hydrogels. [19][20][21][22] As a result, the current study also assessed IPN-based EV delivery for bone applications. The current study used MC3T3, a pre-osteoblast cell line, as a source of EVs and a target population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The symbiotic effect of osteoinductive extracellular vesicles and mineralized microenvironment on osteogenesis

Holkar,

Kale,

Pethe

et al. 2023

J Biomedical Materials Res

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The increasing prevalence of bone‐related diseases has raised concern about the need for an osteoinductive and mechanically stronger scaffold‐based bone tissue engineering (BTE) alternative. A mineralized microenvironment, similar to the native bone microenvironment, is required in the scaffold to recruit and differentiate local mesenchymal stem cells at the bone defect site. Further, extracellular vesicles (EVs), pre‐osteoblasts' secretome, contain osteoinductive cargo and have recently been exploited in bone regeneration. This work developed a cell‐free and mechanically strong interpenetrating network‐based scaffold for BTE by combining the action of osteoinductive EVs with a mineralized microenvironment. The MC3T3 (a pre‐osteoblast cell line) is used as a source of EVs and as the target population. The optimal concentration of MC3T3‐EVs was first determined to induce osteogenesis in target cells. The osteoinductive potential of the scaffold was estimated in vitro by osteogenesis‐related markers like the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme and calcium content. The MC3T3‐EVs cargo was also studied for osteoinductive signals such as ALP, calcium, and mRNA. The findings of this work indicated that MC3T3‐EVs at a 90 μg/mL dose had significantly higher ALP activity than 0 μg/mL (1.47‐fold), 10 μg/mL (1.41‐fold), and 30 μg/mL (1.39‐fold) EV‐concentration on day 14. Further combination of the optimum dose of EVs with a mineralized microenvironment significantly enhanced ALP activity (1.5‐fold) and mineralization (3.36‐fold) as compared to the control group on day 7. EV cargo analysis revealed the presence of calcium, the ALP enzyme, and the mRNAs necessary for osteogenesis and angiogenesis. ALP activity was significantly boosted in the EV‐containing target cells as early as day 1, and mineralization began on day 7 because MC3T3‐EVs carry ALP enzymes and calcium as cargo. When osteoinductive EVs were combined with an osteoconductive mineralized microenvironment, osteogenesis was significantly enhanced in target cells at early time points. The interaction between osteoinductive EVs and the mineralized milieu facilitates the process of osteogenesis in the target cells and suggests a potential cell‐free strategy for in vivo bone repair.

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Chitosan-functionalized silica nanoparticles as a multifunctional coating material for improved water repellency, antimicrobial activity and mechanical strength of degradable bioplastics

et al. 2022

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Chitosan hydrogel, as a biological macromolecule-based drug delivery system for exosomes and microvesicles in regenerative medicine: a mini review

Cited by 11 publications

References 117 publications

Edible Polymers and Secondary Bioactive Compounds for Food Packaging Applications: Antimicrobial, Mechanical, and Gas Barrier Properties

Edible Polymers and Secondary Bioactive Compounds for Food Packaging Applications: Antimicrobial, Mechanical, and Gas Barrier Properties

The symbiotic effect of osteoinductive extracellular vesicles and mineralized microenvironment on osteogenesis

Chitosan-functionalized silica nanoparticles as a multifunctional coating material for improved water repellency, antimicrobial activity and mechanical strength of degradable bioplastics

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