Chitosan Grafted Poly (Ethylene Glycol) Methyl Ether Acrylate Particulate Hydrogels for Drug Delivery Applications

Abstract

Chitosan (CS) crosslinking has been thoroughly investigated, but the chemical reactions leading to submicronic hydrogel formulations pose problems due to various physical/chemical interactions that limit chitosan processability. The current study employs the chemical modification of chitosan by Michael addition of poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate (PEGA) to the amine groups to further prepare chitosan particulate hydrogels (CPH). Thus, modified CS is subjected to a double crosslinking, ionic and covalent, in water/oil emulsion. The studied process parameters are polymer concentration, stirring speed, and quantity of ionic crosslinker. The CPH were structurally and morphologically characterized through infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, light scattering granulometry, and zeta potential, showing that modified CS allows better control of dimensional properties and morphology as compared with neat CS. Swelling properties were studied in acidic and neutral pH conditions, showing that pH-dependent behavior was maintained after grafting and double crosslinking. The applicability of the prepared materials was further tested for drug loading and in vitro delivery of levofloxacin (LEV), showing excellent capacity. CPH were found to be cyto- and hemocompatible demonstrating their potential for effective use as a controlled release system for different biomedical applications.

Synthesis and Characterization of Temperature‐/pH‐Responsive Hydrogels for Drug Delivery

“…The C=O of the carboxyl group increased in intensity as the concentration of IA increased in the samples [41] . The absorption peak at 1120 cm −1 belonged to the stretching vibration peak of C−O−C in OEGA [42] . It could be seen about 3435 cm −1 and 3080 cm −1 as broad bands for O−H and secondary N−H amide.2972 cm −1 , 2928 cm −1 , and 2874 cm −1 were the C−H stretching vibration peak for isopropyl groups.…”

“…[41] The absorption peak at 1120 cm À 1 belonged to the stretching vibration peak of CÀ OÀ C in OEGA. [42] It could be seen about 3435 cm À 1 and 3080 cm À 1 as broad bands for OÀ H and secondary NÀ H amide.2972 cm À 1 , 2928 cm À 1 , and 2874 cm À 1 were the CÀ H stretching vibration peak for isopropyl groups. A peak at 1650 cm À 1 was assigned to a strong C=O amide I band, and at 1545 cm À 1 for another strong amide II band.…”

Poly(ethylene glycol) Methyl Ether Acrylate-Grafted Chitosan-Based Micro- and Nanoparticles as a Drug Delivery System for Antibiotics

“…As reported in our previous study, we chemically modified CS with PEGA using Michael’s addition reaction under the same conditions [ 26 , 35 ]. To make CS-PEGA, CS (2.0 g) was dissolved in 100 mL of 1% ( w / w ) acetic acid solution in a 250 mL flask with a reflux condenser.…”

“…The results showed that the combination of tripolyphosphate and sulfate as crosslinking agents produced smaller and spherical chitosan-Fe 3 O 4 particles [ 24 ]. Different studies showed that CS-based NPs could encapsulate and release different types of drugs at a constant rate, which showed the potential of CS as a sustained-release matrix polymer [ 10 , 16 , 17 , 23 , 25 , 26 ]. Levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin are two antibiotics from the second-generation quinolones.…”

The advance anticancer role of polymeric core‐shell ZnO nanoparticles containing oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer

“…In particular, micelles constructed of amphiphilic block polymers such as PEGMA have been widely studied in drug administration with the goal of tumor‐targeted theranostics. [ 23–35 ] Polymeric nanocomposites containing zinc oxide can help prepare biocompatible nanoparticles and effectively deliver chemotherapy drugs to cancer cells. Many studies have shown that Zinc oxide nanoparticles can be used to provide chemotherapy agents as a cancer treatment.…”