Chinese Singaporeans’ lay beliefs, adherence to Asian values, and subjective well-being

Wong, Y. Joel; Ho, Moon‐Ho Ringo; Li, Peiwei; Shin, Minkyeong; Tsai, Pei‐Chun

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2011.01.003

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Although reliability estimates <.70 are generally considered to be low (Nunnally & Bernstein, 1994), lower values of Cronbach’s alpha can be expected from shorter scales (De Vellis, 2003). Comparable alpha levels for negative affectivity can also be found in other published studies (e.g., Kunst, 2010; Schanowitz & Nicassio, 2006; Wong, Ho, Li, Shin, & Tsai, 2011). Thus, both positive and negative affectivity indexes were included in the subsequent analysis.…”

Section: Studysupporting

confidence: 80%

The Role of Psychological Capital in Perception of Safety Climate Among Air Traffic Controllers

Bergheim

Eid

Hystad

et al. 2013

Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies

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In two studies we examine whether Psychological Capital (PsyCap) is related to perceptions of safety climate and job satisfaction among maritime workers from three Norwegian shipping companies. Results from Study 1 (N = 486) and Study 2 (N = 594) showed that PsyCap was positively associated withand explained between 10% and 12% of the variance in perceptions of safety climate. PsyCap contributed to the variance in safety climate after adjusting for social desirable responding. An interaction analysis indicated that officers and non-officers perceived the safety climate as similar when their PsyCap is low, but that officers with high levels of PsyCap have a more positive perception of the safety climate than non-officers with high levels of PsyCap. In Study 2 a positive association was established between safety perceptions and job satisfaction, as well as between PsyCap and job satisfaction in a multicultural sample of maritime workers. Findings from analyses of indirect effects suggest that PsyCap has an indirect (mediating) relationship with perceptions of safety climate through job satisfaction. Altogether, Psy-Cap and job satisfaction explained 21% of the variance in safety climate. Cross-national differences were established in that the indirect effect was only valid for European workers, and not for Filipinos. An important implication of these findings is that safety focused interventions could benefit from taking Psy-Cap into account in training and motivating for safety.

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Section: Studysupporting

confidence: 80%

The Role of Psychological Capital in Perception of Safety Climate Among Air Traffic Controllers

Bergheim

Eid

Hystad

et al. 2013

Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies

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“…Second, clinicians are also encouraged to explore how clients construe well-being because such lay beliefs may vary greatly from one culture to another (Wong, Ho, Li, Shin, & Tsai, 2011). For instance, an intervention that mainly aims to elevate positive emotions may be incompatible with the views of clients who subscribe to Buddhist teachings.…”

Section: Practical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Harmony, Dialectical Coping, and Nonattachment

Wang

Wong

Yeh

2015

The Counseling Psychologist

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Our study aims to examine the salutary effects and interactions of three Chinese indigenous well-being (CIWB) constructs, namely relationship harmony (advocated by Confucianism), dialectical coping (derived from Taoism), and nonattachment (based on Buddhism) on mental health. Participants were 262 Taiwanese college students. Results revealed that the three CIWB constructs showed distinct associations with mental health. Relationship harmony was related negatively to psychological distress and positively to meaning in life and happiness. Dialectical coping predicted higher levels of positive affect and meaning in life, whereas nonattachment was the only and strongest protective factor against negative affect and psychological distress. Overall, nonattachment demonstrated the most adaptive effects on mental health. Additionally, moderation effects between dialectical coping and nonattachment on self-esteem, psychological distress, and happiness were observed. These findings underscore the importance of simultaneously investigating CIWB constructs to capture their unique and interactive contribution to psychological adjustment. Practical and research implications are discussed.

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“…The past few decades have brought considerable theory, research, and practice focused on understanding and building subjective wellbeing. While some work has considered lay conceptions (e.g., Bharara, Duncan, Jarden, & Hinckson, 2019;Ryff, 1989b;Wong et al, 2011), many of the existing wellbeing models either are based upon academics' theories (e.g., Huppert & So, 2013;Martela & Sheldon, 2019;Seligman, 2011), or arise from patterns across groups of people (e.g., Cummins, 1998;Diener, Emmons, Larsen, & Griffin, 1985). The former is inherently influenced by the cultural norms and experiences in which the academic resides, and the latter prioritizes consistent patterns at the expense of understanding individual experiences that may differ from the majority.…”

Section: Idiographic Conceptions Of Wellbeingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies find significant differences between WEIRD and non-WEIRD societies across a range of behavioral and cognitive indices (e.g., Benet-Martínez, 2006;Disabato, Goodman, & Kashdan, 2020;Hendriks et al, 2019;Koopmann-Holm & Tsai, 2014;Laajaj et al, 2019;Lim, 2016;Tsai, Knutson, & Fung, 2006;Tsai, Levenson, & McCoy, 2006;Tsai & Park, 2014;Wong, Ho, Li, Shin, & Tsai, 2011). While most of the existing wellbeing models contend that wellbeing is nuanced and multi-dimensional, including eudaimonic and low arousal dimensions, lay conceptions of -and social norms within -WEIRD societies tend to favor high arousal emotions (Tsai, 2007), exemplified by extraverted, socially outgoing, high energy individuals (Allik, 2005;Christopher & Hickinbottom, 2008;Davidson, Gillies, & Pelletier, 2015;Frawley, 2015;Fulmer et al, 2010;Lu & Gilmour, 2004;Uchida & Kitayama, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Qualitative Exploration of Individual Differences in Wellbeing for Highly Sensitive Individuals

Black¹

2019

Preprint

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Cultures explicitly and implicitly create and reinforce social norms and expectations, which impact upon how individuals make sense of and experience their place within that culture. Substantial differences in research findings across a range of behavioral and cognitive indices can be seen between what have been called ‘Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD)’ societies, and non-WEIRD cultures. Indeed, lay conceptions and social norms around wellbeing tend to emphasize social outgoingness and high-arousal positive emotions, with introversion and negative emotion looked down upon or even pathologized. However, this extravert-centric conception of wellbeing does not fit many individuals who live within WEIRD societies, and studies find that this mismatch can have detrimental effects on their wellbeing. There is a need to better understand how happiness is created and experienced by the large number of people for whom wellbeing manifests in alternative ways. This study investigated one such manifestation – the personality trait of Sensory Processing Sensitivity (SPS) – qualitatively investigating how sensitive individuals experience and cultivate wellbeing within a WEIRD society. Twelve adults participated in semi-structured interviews. Findings suggest that highly sensitive individuals perceive that wellbeing arises from harmony across multiple dimensions. Interviewees emphasized the value of low-intensity positive emotion, self-awareness, self-acceptance, positive social relationships balanced by times of solitude, connecting with nature, contemplative practices, emotional self-regulation, practicing self-compassion, having a sense of meaning, and hope/optimism. Barriers of wellbeing included physical health issues and challenges with saying no to others. This study provides a richer idiographic representation of SPS wellbeing, highlighting diverse pathways which can lead to wellbeing for individuals for whom wellbeing manifests in ways that contradict the broader social narratives in which they reside.

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Chinese Singaporeans’ lay beliefs, adherence to Asian values, and subjective well-being

Cited by 33 publications

References 20 publications

The Role of Psychological Capital in Perception of Safety Climate Among Air Traffic Controllers

The Role of Psychological Capital in Perception of Safety Climate Among Air Traffic Controllers

Relationship Harmony, Dialectical Coping, and Nonattachment

A Qualitative Exploration of Individual Differences in Wellbeing for Highly Sensitive Individuals

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