China Stroke Statistics 2019: a wealth of opportunities for stroke prevention

Spence, J. David

doi:10.1136/svn-2020-000529

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“… 1 As the global population of people aged 65 years and above increases rapidly, so does the incidence of stroke, and the overall stroke burden has shifted to younger age groups. 1 , 2 , 3 Stroke is mainly divided into two types, namely, ischemic stroke (about 80%–85%) and hemorrhagic stroke: ischemic stroke is caused by cerebral artery occlusion, while hemorrhagic stroke is caused by non‐traumatic vascular rupture in the brain parenchyma. 1 Because of cerebral tissue ischemia or hemorrhage, the normal blood supply to neurons is disrupted, which further promotes a series of pathophysiological reactions leading to neuronal death.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stroke is the second leading cause of death and disability worldwide 1 . As the global population of people aged 65 years and above increases rapidly, so does the incidence of stroke, and the overall stroke burden has shifted to younger age groups 1–3 . Stroke is mainly divided into two types, namely, ischemic stroke (about 80%–85%) and hemorrhagic stroke: ischemic stroke is caused by cerebral artery occlusion, while hemorrhagic stroke is caused by non‐traumatic vascular rupture in the brain parenchyma 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Srs11‐92, a ferrostatin‐1 analog, improves oxidative stress and neuroinflammation via Nrf2 signal following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

Chen

Wei

et al. 2023

CNS Neurosci Ther

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Aim Ferroptosis is increasingly becoming to be considered as an important mechanism of pathological cell death during stroke, and specific exogenous ferroptosis inhibitors have the ability to reverse cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, research on Srs11‐92 (AA9), a ferrostatin‐1 (Fer‐1) analog, in preclinical studies is limited. Methods In the middle cerebral artery occlusion‐reperfusion (MCAO/R) mice model or oxygen–glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) cell model, Fer‐1, AA9, and/or ML385 were administered, and brain infarct size, neurological deficits, neuronal damage, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation were determined after the damage, in vitro and in vivo. Results Fer‐1 and AA9 improved brain infarct size, neuronal damage, and neurological deficits in mice model of MCAO/R, and inhibited the overloaded iron deposition, ROS accumulation, and neuroinflammation response: it also increased the expression of GPx4, Nrf2, and HO‐1 and suppressed the expression of HMGB1 and NF‐κB p65 in the epicenter of injured hippocampal formation. However, Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 reversed the neuroprotective effect of AA9, including the oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. In vitro studies showed that AA9 relieved OGD/R‐induced neuronal oxidative stress and neuroinflammation via the Nrf2 pathway, which was impaired by ML385 in primary neurons. Conclusion The findings imply that Fer‐1 analog AA9 may be suitable for further translational studies for the protection of neuronal damage via Nrf2 signal pathway‐mediated oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in stroke and others neurological diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Srs11‐92, a ferrostatin‐1 analog, improves oxidative stress and neuroinflammation via Nrf2 signal following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

Chen

Wei

et al. 2023

CNS Neurosci Ther

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“…The seventh national census of China shows that the elderly above 60 account for 18.7% of the population, while the latest forecast of United Nations population data shows that the elderly population in China will approach 470 million, accounting for more than 30% of the total population in 2025. This means that China will become the country with the highest degree of an aging population in the world, bringing severe challenges to the elderly care service system [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Rehabilitation Exoskeletons for the Lower Limbs of the Elderly and the Disabled

Wang¹,

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2022

Electronics

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Research on the lower limb exoskeleton for rehabilitation have developed rapidly to meet the need of the aging population. The rehabilitation exoskeleton system is a wearable man–machine integrated mechanical device. In recent years, the vigorous development of exoskeletal technology has brought new ideas to the rehabilitation and medical treatment of patients with motion dysfunction, which is expected to help such people complete their daily physiological activities or even reshape their motion function. The rehabilitation exoskeletons conduct assistance based on detecting intention, control algorithm, and high-performance actuators. In this paper, we review rehabilitation exoskeletons from the aspects of the overall design, driving unit, intention perception, compliant control, and efficiency validation. We discussed the complexity and coupling of the man–machine integration system, and we hope to provide a guideline when designing a rehabilitation exoskeleton system for the lower limbs of elderly and disabled patients.

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“…Stroke screening for the early detection of a high-risk subject and managing the risk factors are of great significance to the prevention of stroke. Primary stroke prevention can reduce the incidence of stroke and lessen its financial burden ( 2 , 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between triglyceride–glucose index and carotid plaques in a high-stroke-risk population in southeast china: A population-based cross-sectional survey

Tang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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BackgroundCervical arterial atherosclerosis (CAA) is an important risk factor of stroke in China. The triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index is a simple and low-cost marker for ischemic stroke. Whether the TyG index predicts cervical arterial atherosclerosis remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the TyG index and cervical arterial atherosclerosis.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in residents aged ≥40 years in the general population of southeast China. All participants completed a detailed questionnaire and provided blood samples. The high-stroke-risk groups further completed cervical artery ultrasonography. The TyG index was calculated using a well-established formula and analyzed in quartiles (Q1–Q4). Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the relationship between the TyG index and cervical arterial atherosclerosis.ResultsA total of 4,499 participants aged ≥40 years were finally included, with 23.47% comprising the high-stroke-risk population. The prevalence rates of increased intima–media thickness (IMT), carotid plaque, and cervical artery stenosis (CAS) in the high-stroke-risk population were 21.97%, 39.3%, and 6.1%, respectively. Subjects with higher TyG were still more likely to have carotid plaque. After adjusting for several established risk factors, compared with the TyG-Q1 group, the TyG-Q2, TyG-Q3, and TyG-Q4 groups were more likely to have carotid plaque (OR = 1.85, 95%CI = 1.28–2.67; OR = 1.51, 95%CI = 1.05–2.18; and OR = 1.29, 95%CI = 0.90–1.84). TyG was an independent predictor of the presence of plaque in the carotid artery of the high-stroke-risk population.ConclusionsAn elevated TyG index is a potential predictor of carotid plaques in the high-stroke-risk population older than 40 years.

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China Stroke Statistics 2019: a wealth of opportunities for stroke prevention

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

Srs11‐92, a ferrostatin‐1 analog, improves oxidative stress and neuroinflammation via Nrf2 signal following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

Srs11‐92, a ferrostatin‐1 analog, improves oxidative stress and neuroinflammation via Nrf2 signal following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

A Review on the Rehabilitation Exoskeletons for the Lower Limbs of the Elderly and the Disabled

Relationship between triglyceride–glucose index and carotid plaques in a high-stroke-risk population in southeast china: A population-based cross-sectional survey

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