China-Russian cooperation in the Arctic: A cause for concern for the Western Arctic States?

MacDonald, Adam P.

doi:10.1080/11926422.2021.1936098

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…China is one of the three vertices of the "new Arctic strategic triangle environment" 99 , and is cooperating with Russia in the economic, political, and military domains 100 . Yet the Sino-Russian Arctic entente should not be overstated 101 , and the two should be treated by the US and their allies as distinct challenges 102 , simply part of what has been defined a "pragmatic strategic partnership" 103 . In its general effort to project itself as a truly global actor, Beijing's interest in the Artic is primarily of economic nature, as it has been investing into projects related to natural resources (fossil fuels and raw materials) and potential shipping lanes.…”

Section: Non-arctic Actorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Navigating Arctic Realities: Geopolitics, Security, and Climate Change

Cotta

2024

Il Politico

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Il presente lavoro si propone di offrire una visione completa delle principali questioni legate ai cambiamenti geopolitici nella regione Artica, insieme ad una panoramica della letteratura scientifica riguardante tali problematiche. Dopo un’analisi storica, la ricerca si focalizza sull’evoluzione della sicurezza artica, esaminando la presunta militarizzazione e l’impatto del cambiamento climatico. Successivamente, si esplorano le principali potenze coinvolte ed i loro interessi e strategie nella regione. Infine, ci si concentra sulle imprese economiche e sul multilateralismo nella zona, entrambi influenzati da eventi recenti e cambiamenti climatici.

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Section: Non-arctic Actorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Navigating Arctic Realities: Geopolitics, Security, and Climate Change

Cotta

2024

Il Politico

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“…Today, it is even more unclear how non-regional actors, and in particular China, will adapt to this situation. China is often accused of attempts to undermine the norms of international regimes, including in the Arctic (MacDonald, 2021), and in light of current events, we wonder to what extent China can really affect the Arctic regime. Furthermore, we ask under which circumstances China might acquire more opportunities in this regard.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can China change the Arctic regime?

Kobzeva,

Todorov

2023

Polar Record

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China’s role in the Arctic regime remains a debatable topic in the expert discourse on the High North. Currently, in view of the aggravated conflicts in other regions that include Russia as the largest Arctic state, and China as its strategic partner, the Arctic regimes are experiencing salient disturbances. Against this backdrop, an understanding of China’s opportunities to affect Arctic affairs is urgently needed. We address this issue by combining political and legal analyses. We used the regime theory approach to outline the Arctic regime complex (ARC), and through this lens, we discuss the recent changes that are being observed. Based on this, we determine China’s actual potential for making amendments to the ARC. We conclude that China has no capacity to make a crucial shift in the ARC, but it is still able to alter particular rules, like those related to Arctic Ocean management and scientific cooperation. The further efficient operation of the Arctic Council will play a decisive role in envisaging China’s behaviour in the region.

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“…Apart from a few exceptions (e.g. Brady, 2019;Lanteigne, 2020;MacDonald, 2021;Staun & Sørensen, 2023), not much scholarly attention has been paid to China's security interests in the High North and none have situated these interests within China's broader concept of total national security -a gap in the literature that this article seeks to fill.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

China’s Arctic Strategy – a Comprehensive Approach in Times of Great Power Rivalry

Puranen,

Kopra

2023

Scandinavian Journal of Military Studies

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There are growing signs that great power rivalry is making a comeback in the Arctic region, and China, a self-proclaimed "near-Arctic state," has shown growing interest in expanding its activity in it. This article investigates China's Arctic intentions in the context of the recently emerging notion of "total national security" in the country, and suggests that individual aspects of China's Arctic strategy -including its Arctic military strategy -should not be analyzed on their own but should, rather, be seen as a manifestation of China's rather unique total security conception in a regional context. Drawing insights from original, official, Chinese-language sources, discussions on China's Arctic strategy among Chinese security experts and academic communities, and by observing recent Chinese economic, political, and scientific activities in the Arctic, the article demonstrates that China's Arctic strategy follows what we describe as a "comprehensive approach" consisting of four main arms: political, economic, scientific, and military. This strategy is designed to advance the party-state's influence in the Arctic through simultaneously moulding discourses and challenging legal concepts of the Arctic (political), boosting its economic interests in the Arctic (economic), fusing civil-military scientific and technological innovation (scientific), and preparing for a military presence in the Arctic (military). Finally, the article concludes that as the significance of the Arctic for China's long-term security strategy is guided by Xi Jinping's thought on total national security, future analyses of China's Arctic intentions should pay particular attention to this evolving concept.

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China-Russian cooperation in the Arctic: A cause for concern for the Western Arctic States?

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Navigating Arctic Realities: Geopolitics, Security, and Climate Change

Navigating Arctic Realities: Geopolitics, Security, and Climate Change

Can China change the Arctic regime?

China’s Arctic Strategy – a Comprehensive Approach in Times of Great Power Rivalry

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