Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy: The Light of Day for Osteosarcoma

Lin, Zili; Wu, Ziyi; Luo, Wei

doi:10.3390/cancers13174469

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 146 publications

(188 reference statements)

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“…So far, little benefit was seen in solid tumors and STS with limited tumor-specific surface antigen targets and complex tumor microenvironments that offer a barrier to intratumoral treatment penetration. 94 There is emerging data on CAR-T and sarcoma and potential antigen targets (HER2, IFGR1, CD166, EphA2, and Gd2+) 94 , 95 across different histologies (eg, osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, synovial sarcoma, and chondrosarcoma). These targets are not specific to any particular sarcoma or tumor cells in general, such as CD166, which are also seen in fibroblasts and neurons.…”

Section: Sarcoma Antigen-based and Cell Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Trends in Immunotherapy for Adult Sarcomas

et al. 2023

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Soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) are a rare and heterogeneous group of malignant tumors that arise from the oncogenic transformation of mesenchymal tissue. There are over 100 distinct STS histological and molecular subtypes with unique clinical, therapeutic, and prognostic features with variable responses to therapy regimens. Given the quality-of-life concerns and limited efficacy with current regimens, including cytotoxic chemotherapy, there is a need for novel therapies and regimens to treat advanced STS. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors have demonstrated significant improvements in survival outcomes in other cancer types, there remains ambiguous data on the impact of immunotherapy in sarcoma. Biomarkers like PD-1/PD-L1 are not always predictive of outcomes. Therefore, researching emerging novel therapies, such as CAR-T and adoptive cell therapies, is critical to understanding STS biology, STS tumor immune microenvironment immunomodulatory strategies that improve immune response, and survival outcomes. We discuss the underlying biology of the STS tumor immune microenvironment, immunomodulatory strategies that augment pre-existing immune responses, and novel approaches to develop sarcoma-specific antigen-based therapies.

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Section: Sarcoma Antigen-based and Cell Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Trends in Immunotherapy for Adult Sarcomas

et al. 2023

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“…At present, HER2, the IL-11 receptor chain, and ganglioside GD2 have been confirmed to be overexpressed in multiple osteosarcoma cells. 122, 123 These receptors may serve as effective targets for CAR-T cell immunotherapy and inhibition of tumor metastasis in osteosarcoma. 124 The antitumor effect and persistence of HER2-CAR-T cells in a certain time range show promise for clinical application.…”

Section: Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status and Prospects of Clinical Treatment of Osteosarcoma

Jiang¹,

Liu

et al. 2022

Technol Cancer Res Treat

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Osteosarcoma, one of the common malignant tumors in the skeletal system, originates in mesenchymal tissue, and the most susceptible area of occurrence is the metaphysis with its abundant blood supply. Tumors are characterized by highly malignant spindle stromal cells that can produce bone-like tissue. Most of the osteosarcoma are primary, and a few are secondary. Osteosarcoma occurs primarily in children and adolescents undergoing vigorous bone growth and development. Most cases involve rapid tumor development and early blood metastasis. In recent years, research has grown in the areas of molecular biology, imaging medicine, biological materials, applied anatomy, surgical techniques, biomechanics, and comprehensive treatment of tumors. With developments in molecular biology and tissue bioengineering, treatment methods have also made great progress, especially in comprehensive limb salvage treatment, which significantly enhances the quality of life after surgery and improves the 5-year survival rate of patients with malignant tumors. This article provides a review of limb salvage, immunotherapy, gene therapy, and targeted therapy from traditional amputation to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, providing a reference for current clinical treatments for osteosarcoma.

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“…Recent research using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells has provided promising outcomes [ 240 , 241 ]. Their target is the immune checkpoint molecule B7-H3 (CD276), a tumor antigen that is significantly upregulated in osteosarcoma [ 242 ].…”

Section: Immunotherapy In Osteosarcomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemoresistance-Related Stem Cell Signaling in Osteosarcoma and Its Plausible Contribution to Poor Therapeutic Response: A Discussion That Still Matters

Martins-Neves

Sampaio-Ribeiro

2022

IJMS

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Osteosarcoma is amongst the most prevalent bone sarcomas and majorly afflicts children and adolescents. Therapeutic regimens based on the triad of doxorubicin, cisplatin and methotrexate have been used as the state-of-the-art approach to clinical treatment and management, with no significant improvements in the general outcomes since their inception in the early 1970s. This fact raises the following problematic questions: Why do some patients still relapse despite an initial good response to therapy? Why do nearly 30% of patients not respond to neoadjuvant therapies? Does residual persistent disease contribute to relapses and possible metastatic dissemination? Accumulating evidence suggests that chemoresistant cancer stem cells may be the major culprits contributing to those challenging clinical outcomes. Herein, we revisit the maneuvers that cancer stem cells devise for eluding cell killing by the classic cytotoxic therapies used in osteosarcoma, highlighting studies that demonstrate the complex crosstalk of signaling pathways that cancer stem cells can recruit to become chemoresistant.

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Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy: The Light of Day for Osteosarcoma

Cited by 12 publications

References 146 publications

Emerging Trends in Immunotherapy for Adult Sarcomas

Emerging Trends in Immunotherapy for Adult Sarcomas

Current Status and Prospects of Clinical Treatment of Osteosarcoma

Chemoresistance-Related Stem Cell Signaling in Osteosarcoma and Its Plausible Contribution to Poor Therapeutic Response: A Discussion That Still Matters

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