Children's attitudes and behavioural intentions towards a peer with symptoms of ADHD: does the addition of a diagnostic label make a difference?

Law, G. Urquhart; Sinclair, Scott E.; Fraser, Nicole S.

doi:10.1177/1367493507076061

Cited by 65 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…In rating their own views, youth without TS showed less positive attitudes towards youth with TS in comparison to typically developing peers [30,31]. However, in comparison to other studies that utilise the same assessment tool (Adjective Checklist) individuals with TS were rated more positively than children with ADHD [50], autism [51] or obesity [52] by their peers. With respect to gender, boys appeared to have a more positive attitude towards children with TS than did girls [30] and adolescent females with TS were seen less favourably than females without tics [31].…”

Section: Attested Attitudes and Behavioural Intentions Towards Childrmentioning

confidence: 89%

Stigma in youth with Tourette’s syndrome: a systematic review and synthesis

Malli

Forrester‐Jones

Murphy

2015

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Tourette's syndrome (TS) is a childhood onset neurodevelopmental disorder, characterised by tics. To our knowledge, no systematic reviews exist which focus on examining the body of literature on stigma in association with children and adolescents with TS. The aim of the article is to provide a review of the existing research on (1) social stigma in relation to children and adolescents with TS, (2) self-stigma and (3) courtesy stigma in family members of youth with TS. Three electronic databases were searched: PsycINFO, PubMed and Web of Science. Seventeen empirical studies met the inclusion criteria. In relation to social stigma in rating their own beliefs and behavioural intentions, youth who did not have TS showed an unfavourable attitude towards individuals with TS in comparison to typically developing peers. Meanwhile, in their own narratives about their lives, young people with TS themselves described some form of devaluation from others as a response to their disorder. Self-degrading comments were denoted in a number of studies in which the children pointed out stereotypical views that they had adopted about themselves. Finally, as regards courtesy stigma, parents expressed guilt in relation to their children's condition and social alienation as a result of the disorder. Surprisingly, however, there is not one study that focuses primarily on stigma in relation to TS and further studies that examine the subject from the perspective of both the 'stigmatiser' and the recipient of stigma are warranted.

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Section: Attested Attitudes and Behavioural Intentions Towards Childrmentioning

confidence: 89%

Stigma in youth with Tourette’s syndrome: a systematic review and synthesis

Malli

Forrester‐Jones

Murphy

2015

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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“…I also suggest Clausen (1981) as an excellent review essay that articulates well the complex literature on psychiatric diagnosis and stigma. My own view on stigma runs something like this: When children with GID are socially ostracized by their peers, it is their overt behavior that elicits negative reactions (see, e.g., Fridell, 2001), not an abstract label (see, e.g., Law, Sinclair, & Fraser, 2007). There is considerable evidence that, even in normative samples of children, cross-gender behavior is appraised negatively by the peer group, and more so in boys than it is in girls (Zucker, Wilson-Smith, Kurita, & Stern, 1995).…”

Section: Threshold Versus Subthreshold Comparative Analysesmentioning

confidence: 98%

The DSM Diagnostic Criteria for Gender Identity Disorder in Children

Zucker

2009

Arch Sex Behav

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In this article, I review the diagnostic criteria for Gender Identity Disorder (GID) in children as they were formulated in the DSM-III, DSM-III-R, and DSM-IV. The article focuses on the cumulative evidence for diagnostic reliability and validity. It does not address the broader conceptual discussion regarding GID as "disorder," as this issue is addressed in a companion article by Meyer-Bahlburg (2009). This article addresses criticisms of the GID criteria for children which, in my view, can be addressed by extant empirical data. Based in part on reanalysis of data, I conclude that the persistent desire to be of the other gender should, in contrast to DSM-IV, be a necessary symptom for the diagnosis. If anything, this would result in a tightening of the diagnostic criteria and may result in a better separation of children with GID from children who display marked gender variance, but without the desire to be of the other gender.

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“…57 One vignette study sought to explore the impact of diagnostic/psychiatric labeling on the attitudes and behavioral intentions of school-age children towards a hypothetical peer presenting with ADHD symptoms. 52 Law et al recruited 120 children from schools in the UK and found that the majority of participants held predominantly negative attitudes towards the vignette child with ADHD symptoms, with no additional effect of diagnostic/psychiatric labeling on children's attitudes and social behavioral intentions. vignette study.…”

Section: Public Stigmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…50 Other measurement approaches to public stigma perception have utilized vignettes depicting persons with symptoms of various mental or physical disorders, combined with assessment of stigmatizing beliefs (prejudice, eg, perceived danger to self or others) and of stigmatizing actions (discrimination, eg, social distance, social regulation). [51][52][53][54][55][56] For a current relevant detailed example of this approach, please see the description of the etiology and effects of the stigma model used for the National Stigma Study -Children (see page 52). 53 …”

Section: Stigma Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…51,52,54,57 Bussing et al used a mixedmethods approach combining vignette responses and open-ended answers to study ADHD treatment willingness and perceptions of undesirable treatment side effects among four stakeholder groups for ADHD treatment of adolescents, namely 148 youth, 161 caregivers, 132 healthcare providers, and 122 teachers. 57 Stigma associated with medication and behavioral therapies emerged as a significant treatment barrier in the qualitative analysis.…”

Section: Public Stigmamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stigmatization and self-perception of youth with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Bussing¹,

Mehta²

2013

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Increasing numbers of families must learn to manage their child's attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) through multimodal interventions that may include psychosocial, educational, and medication treatments. Like others with mental disorders, youth with ADHD face significant stigma in its various forms, including public (expressed as prejudice and discrimination), courtesy (stigma suffered by family members or associates of individuals with ADHD), and self-stigma (stigmatized individual's acceptance of negative views by others). Successful ADHD management requires awareness of stigma and of its potential adverse consequences on treatment initiation and persistence, but also calls for effective means to combat it. This review on stigmatization and self-perception of youth with ADHD first considers the current context of management and treatment options. Next, we appraise recent research in ADHD stigma measurement, identifying a dearth of validated tools and a need for additional instrument development, especially brief measures suitable for clinical encounters. The review then addresses studies of public stigma from the perspectives of youth and adults. A number of qualitative studies document the ubiquitous nature of public stigma experiences associated with ADHD from the perspectives of caregivers. Notably, impressions gathered in qualitative research are confirmed through quantitative studies of representative youth and adult samples, such as the National Stigma Study -Children, which report considerable stigmatization of ADHD by the general public. Unlike public stigma, courtesy stigma has not been examined through large-scale quantitative studies. However, courtesy stigma has been amply documented in qualitative research as a phenomenon experienced at various ecological levels, within the dyadic relationship with the affected child to interactions with immediate and extended family, community, and health and educational systems. Very limited research could be identified for self-stigma of youth affected by ADHD, with reports of lowered self-esteem in response to public stigma. General societal antistigma programs have been developed and implemented, consisting of three paradigms -protest, education, and contact -but insufficient guidance exists for ADHD treatment providers on how to combat stigma experienced by individual patients with ADHD and their families. Keywords: attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, stigma, public stigma, courtesy stigma, self-stigma, treatment barriers Management issues in attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorderAttention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder with childhood onset, characterized by severe and pervasive patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity in more than one setting, and associated with significant functional impairment.1 Increasing numbers of families must learn to manage their child's ADHD, because this disorder is among the most commonly diagnosed neurobehavioral 2 An important aspec...

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Children's attitudes and behavioural intentions towards a peer with symptoms of ADHD: does the addition of a diagnostic label make a difference?

Cited by 65 publications

References 32 publications

Stigma in youth with Tourette’s syndrome: a systematic review and synthesis

Stigma in youth with Tourette’s syndrome: a systematic review and synthesis

The DSM Diagnostic Criteria for Gender Identity Disorder in Children

Stigmatization and self-perception of youth with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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