Children of Alcoholics

Macdonald, Donald Ian; Blume, Sheila B.

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1986.02140220032025

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Most studies estimate that about 8-27% of children have at least one parent with a drinking problem (Cuijpers et al, 1999;MacDonald & Blume, 1986;Mathew, Wilson, Blazer, & George, 1993;Pilat & Jones, 1985). Among the studies showing that children of problem drinkers are a high-risk group, many have focused on the question of whether they are at increased risk of developing problems with drinking themselves during adolescence ( Johnson, Sher, & Rolf, 1991;Zeitlin, 1994).…”

Section: The High-risk Situation Of Children Of Problem Drinkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention programmes for children of problem drinkers: A review

Cuijpers

2005

Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy

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It is well established that children of problem drinkers have an increased risk of developing mental health problems, including drinking and drug misuse problems, depression, eating disorders, conduct disorders, and delinquency. However, compared to the hundreds of studies that have examined the effects of parental problem drinking on their children, the genetics of problem drinking, and the physical and mental problems of these children, it is disappointing that so few studies have explored the possibilities of prevention. Despite all the research on children of problem drinkers, we have no usable operationalizations of what problem drinking is, or when a child can be defined as a child of a problem drinker. Furthermore, no valid screening or severity assessment instruments are available; there is no solution for the ethical dilemma of the need to involve parents while these parents are at the same time the problem; very few theory-driven prevention programmes have been developed; very little is known about protective factors that could be the focus of prevention programmes; and we have no programmes that can be considered to be 'evidence based'. This paper describes these problems, presents an overview of the prevention research in this area, and gives some directions for future research.

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Section: The High-risk Situation Of Children Of Problem Drinkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention programmes for children of problem drinkers: A review

Cuijpers

2005

Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy

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“…However, when there are other environmental factors, besides alcoholism, such as violence in the family, these data may become important determinants of the appearance of psychopathology and in the existing differences between children of alcoholic and non-alcoholic parents (MacDonald and Blume, 1986;Kashani et al, 1992). Every child also begins assimilating the * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Families with a history of alcoholism often have psychosocial problems, such as poverty, divorce, unemployment, chaotic family environment, and social family exclusion (Black et al, 1986;MacDonald and Blume, 1986;Cardoso, 1992). There is no doubt that a family where violence is associated with alcoholism becomes dysfunctional, facilitating the appearance of other disturbances in one or more of its members and family jeopardizing all of them; the harmonious development of child and adolescent is thus affected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Violence and Alcoholism in the Family: How Are the Children Affected?

Malpique

Barrias

Morais

et al. 1998

Alcohol and Alcoholism

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-We made an evaluation of how children and adolescents are affected if they live in a family environment where violence associated with alcoholism is a feature. Interviews with 20 f«mili« and the use of psychological tests on their children were perfonned in this study. The study has demonstrated the existence of psychopathological disturbances in those families' children, whose immaturity and insecurity were expressed by aggressive behaviour or by depressive manifestations. It also became evident that there was a transgenerational alcoholism-violence frequency.

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“…Not only will the estimated prevalence of lifetime AUDs (e.g., 18% in the National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiological Study [Grant and Hartford, 1995] and 30% in the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol Related Conditions [NESARC; Hasin et al, 2007]) be underestimates, but various kinds of studies that rely on lifetime AUDs for research phenotypes, such as genetic studies (Goodwin, 1971;Schuckit et al, 1996;Wang et al, 2012), studies of children of alcoholics (Buu et al, 2012;Macdonald and Blume, 1986;Sher, 1991), or health disparities (e.g., Edlund et al, 2012;Wells et al, 2001), could be inaccurate (and underpowered) if those with lifetime AUDs are grouped with those without.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

False Negatives in the Assessment of Lifetime Alcohol Use Disorders: A Serious But Unappreciated Problem

Haeny

Littlefield

Sher

2014

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: Some individuals will not meet criteria for a lifetime alcohol use disorder (AUD) at a baseline assessment but will at a follow-up measurement, but not because the disorder began after the initial evaluation. Despite several research implications, this type of unreliability of lifetime AUD estimates has not been studied extensively. The present study investigated the extent of false negatives in the assessment of lifetime AUDs using longitudinal data. Method: A prospective cohort of college freshmen (baseline N = 489) were assessed seven times between ages 18 and 34 years using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Individuals were categorized as false negatives at the index assessment using a retrospective (using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition [DSM-III], and DSM-IV data), a prospective (using DSM-III data only), and a combined approach (using DSM-III data only). Results: For DSM-IV, of the 29 ostensible new onsets at a follow-up 5 years later (age approximately 34 years), 28 (96%) reported meeting AUD criteria before the index assessment (age approximately 29 years). For DSM-III, of the 25 ostensible new onsets, the retrospective, prospective, and combined approaches categorized 18 (72%) individuals as false negatives at the index assessment. Conclusions: These fi ndings further demonstrate sensitivity issues with lifetime AUD assessments and call into question the validity of "onset" cases that rely on only two waves of data, especially when the follow-up assessment fails to reassess lifetime fully (i.e., across the entire drinking history). (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 75, 530-535, 2014)

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Children of Alcoholics

Cited by 20 publications

References 21 publications

Prevention programmes for children of problem drinkers: A review

Prevention programmes for children of problem drinkers: A review

Violence and Alcoholism in the Family: How Are the Children Affected?

False Negatives in the Assessment of Lifetime Alcohol Use Disorders: A Serious But Unappreciated Problem

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