Childhood obesity: Current and novel approaches

Sabin, Matthew A.; Kieß, Wieland

doi:10.1016/j.beem.2015.04.003

Cited by 51 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 97 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally, especially in developing and developed countries. Obesity in children under the age of 5 years and adults was estimated at over 42 million and 1.9 billion, respectively, in 2013 and 2014 . Obesity is a complex metabolic disorder that is linked to numerous serious health complications with high morbidity, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, and cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kefir Peptides Prevent Hyperlipidemia and Obesity in High‐Fat‐Diet‐Induced Obese Rats via Lipid Metabolism Modulation

Tung

Chen

et al. 2018

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kefir Peptides Prevent Hyperlipidemia and Obesity in High‐Fat‐Diet‐Induced Obese Rats via Lipid Metabolism Modulation

Tung

Chen

et al. 2018

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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“…Chronic microvascular systemic inflammation is implicated in the development of all these diseases. Obesity and severe obesity have become an increasingly severe public health problem in children in recent years (21,22). Obesity can lead to systemic and ocular complications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of childhood obesity is growing. Obesity may cause microangiopathic changes associated with the inflammatory process (1,2). Microvascular changes caused by obesity may result in damage to the optic nerve, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and choroidal regions, and damage can be revealed in the early period with optic coherence tomography (OCT).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Obesity Affect the Ocular Choroid Tissue in Children and Adolescents?

Özen¹,

Öztürk²,

Çatlı³

et al. 2018

jpr

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Aim: Obesity may cause microangiopathic changes associated with the inflammatory process. The choroid tissue of the eye is one of the most highly vascularized tissues of body and supplies the outer 1/3 of the retina. Thinning in choroid tissue is an indicator of damage. Few studies have investigated obesity-induced choroid tissue damage in children, and their findings are inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in choroid tissue thickness in non-diabetic children and adolescents using optic coherence tomography (OCT) and the association with metabolic risk factors. Materials and Methods: One hundred fifty-six eyes of 38 obese and 40 healthy children and adolescents aged 10-18 were included in the study. The bilateral choroidal thicknesses were measured. We then investigated correlations between choroidal thickness and age, body measurements, pubertal stages, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance and lipid values. Results: Mean choroidal thicknesses measured using OCT were 284.4±34.9 µm in the obese group and 316.3±39.7 µm in the control group (p=0.018). Choroidal thickness in the obese group decreased as body mass index (BMI) standard deviation scores (SDS) increased (r=-0.390, p=0.000). Conclusion: Mean choroidal thickness was lower in obese children and adolescents in this study compared to the healthy controls and thinning in the choroid tissue was more pronounced as BMI-SDS values increased. Increased adipose tissue may result in a susceptibility to damage by thinning choroid tissue.

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“…7 They are directed at behaviours and environments that directly affect energy intake or expenditure, such as increasing physical activity, reducing sedentary behaviour, or limiting intake of high energy foods and beverages.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Possibly parents with high levels of anxiety symptoms influence their children's vulnerability to anxiety symptoms through an excess of control. In fact, some overprotective parenting behaviour has been associated with increased risk for anxiety symptoms in children.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiety, Family Functioning and Neuroendocrine Biomarkers in Obese Children

Pinto¹,

Wilkinson

Virella

et al. 2017

Acta Med Port

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Material and Methods:A non-random sample of 104 obese children (55 boys), mean age 10.9 years (standard deviation 1.76), was recruited from a childhood obesity clinic. Obesity was defined as body mass index above the 95 th age-and gender-specific percentiles. Neuroendocrine biomarkers were measured. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed with self and parent-reported questionnaires (Anxiety, Depression and Stress Scales; Child Behaviour Checklist). Family functioning was assessed with parent-reported questionnaires (Family Adaptation and Cohesion Scales-III). Results: A significant, negative correlation (r s = -0.779; p = 0.003) between girls' cortisol and their parents' anxiety symptoms was found, limited to high functioning families. Boys scored significantly higher than girls on parent-reported internalizing symptoms but not on self-report. No association was found between cortisol in children and parental depressive symptoms. Discussion: Whether the association between cortisol levels in obese children and parental mental health is effectively restricted to girls from high functioning families or is due to study limitations, requires further research. The lack of associations between cortisol in children and parental depressive symptoms, suggests a specific association between cortisol and parental anxiety symptoms. Conclusion: These results highlight the importance of taking into account family functioning, parental mental state and gender, when investigating neuroendocrine biomarkers in obese children associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression.

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Childhood obesity: Current and novel approaches

Cited by 51 publications

References 97 publications

Kefir Peptides Prevent Hyperlipidemia and Obesity in High‐Fat‐Diet‐Induced Obese Rats via Lipid Metabolism Modulation

Kefir Peptides Prevent Hyperlipidemia and Obesity in High‐Fat‐Diet‐Induced Obese Rats via Lipid Metabolism Modulation

Does Obesity Affect the Ocular Choroid Tissue in Children and Adolescents?

Anxiety, Family Functioning and Neuroendocrine Biomarkers in Obese Children

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