Childhood Maltreatment, Stressful Life Events, and Alcohol Craving in Adult Drinkers

Kim, June H.; Martins, Sílvia S.; Shmulewitz, Dvora; Santaella, Julian; Wall, Melanie M.; Keyes, Katherine M.; Eaton, Nicholas R.; Krueger, Robert F.; Grant, Bridget F.; Hasin, Deborah S.

doi:10.1111/acer.12473

Cited by 37 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…It is consistent with our previously reported findings (from this same study) that the positive relationship between childhood early life stress and pre-treatment drinking was moderated by pre-treatment chronic stress; higher early life stress plus higher ongoing stress was associated with higher amounts of drinking (Eames et al, 2014). A similar finding was reported by Kim et al, who found that ongoing stress interacted with childhood maltreatment to predict heightened craving in adult drinkers (Kim et al, 2014). Although specific types of stressors have been noted to increase drinking in general (Keyes et al, 2012) and alcohol dependent (Eames et al, 2014) populations, our approach only assessed for general estimates of stress.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Adrenocortical sensitivity, moderated by ongoing stress, predicts drinking intensity in alcohol-dependent men

Adinoff

Léonard²,

Price

et al. 2017

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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Allostatic load from both environmental stressors and persistent glucocorticoid secretion has been associated with disease severity in alcohol dependence. Heightened relapse risk and/or drinking severity, in particular, may be a reaction to alcohol- and withdrawal-induced changes in physiological stress response systems coupled with ongoing life stress, although their shared contributions upon drinking severity have not been assessed. To investigate the combined contribution of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) reactivity and environmental stressors (e.g., ongoing life stress) to relapse severity in alcohol-dependent men following treatment, plasma adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and cortisol were obtained in 4-6 weeks abstinent alcohol-dependent men (n=41) following a psychosocial stressor [the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST)] and two pharmacological provocations [ovine corticotropin releasing factor (oCRH) and cosyntropin]. Following treatment discharge, drinking outcomes (primary outcome: drinks per drinking day (DDD); secondary outcomes: total drinks and drinking days) were assessed weekly and ongoing life stress was assessed biweekly for 24 weeks following treatment discharge. Generalized estimating equation models of drinking severity were fit with basal and stimulated ACTH and cortisol concentrations as predictors and ongoing life stress as the moderator. Greater levels of life stress were independently associated with greater drinking intensity (DDD and total drinks) but not frequency (days drinking). Higher basal cortisol:ACTH or provoked cortisol:ACTH ratios were strongly associated with greater post-treatment DDD in individuals who experienced higher levels of ongoing stress. In conclusion, ongoing life stress is associated with post-treatment drinking intensity in alcohol dependent men; stress also strengthens the relationship between adrenocortical sensitivity and post-treatment drinking. Physiological measures of allostatic load and environmental stressors conjointly increase relapse intensity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Adrenocortical sensitivity, moderated by ongoing stress, predicts drinking intensity in alcohol-dependent men

Adinoff

Léonard²,

Price

et al. 2017

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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“…SLEs are associated with alcohol craving and AUD, and a history of childhood maltreatment further strengthens the association (Boden et al 2014; Kim et al 2014; Just-Østergaard et al 2018). However, it is unclear how SLEs exert an effect on AUD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…However, it is unclear how SLEs exert an effect on AUD. For instance, the role of personality disorders (PDs) in the relationship between SLEs and AUD remain unclear despite high rate of comorbidity between PDs and AUD (Flensborg-Madsen et al 2009; Kim et al 2014). While SLEs are typically considered as environmental exposures, genetic factors are associated with exposure to SLEs (Kendler and Baker 2007)—possibly because common genetic factors underlie personality traits, which affect what environments an individual seeks and how others react to him or her (McAdams et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetically Informative Mediation Modeling Applied to Stressors and Personality-Disorder Traits in Etiology of Alcohol Use Disorder

et al. 2018

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A statistical mediation model was developed within a twin design to investigate the etiology of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Unlike conventional statistical mediation models, this biometric mediation model can detect unobserved confounding. Using a sample of 1410 pairs of Norwegian twins, we investigated specific hypotheses that DSM-IV personality-disorder (PD) traits mediate effects of childhood stressful life events (SLEs) on AUD, and that adulthood SLEs mediate effects of PDs on AUD. Models including borderline PD traits indicated unobserved confounding in phenotypic path coefficients, whereas models including antisocial and impulsive traits did not. More than half of the observed effects of childhood SLEs on adulthood AUD were mediated by adulthood antisocial and impulsive traits. Effects of PD traits on AUD 5–10 years later were direct rather than mediated by adulthood SLEs. The results and the general approach contribute to triangulation of developmental origins for complex behavioral disorders.

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“…54 Supported by research showing that the 5 childhood maltreatment types were similarly related to nicotine dependence, 55 we created one parsimonious binary variable indicating occurrence of any of the five types before age 18, as done previously. 56 "Parental problems with alcohol or drug use" were ascertained as described previously. 57,58 In separate modules, interviewers described observable manifestations of alcohol or drug use disorder diagnostic criteria, which are most likely to be apparent to offspring, [58][59][60] and then asked separately whether the participant's biological father or mother experienced such problems with alcohol or drugs.…”

Section: Individual-level Smoking Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of State-Level Tobacco Environment on Cigarette Smoking are Stronger Among Those With Individual-Level Risk Factors

Shmulewitz

Stohl

Keyes

et al. 2016

NICTOB

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Introduction: To better understand the impact of the state-level tobacco environment (eg, tobacco control policies, attitudes towards smoking) on cigarette smoking, we examined whether the relationship of state tobacco environments to smoking is modified by individual-level vulnerability factors. Methods:In a nationally representative sample of US adults (N = 34 638), past-year smoking and heavy smoking were examined. State-level tobacco environment was defined by tobacco-related control policies and attitudes, ranging from permissive to restrictive; individual vulnerability was defined by childhood maltreatment and/or parental substance problems. Additive interaction tested differences in state-level tobacco environment effects on smoking and heavy smoking by individual-level vulnerability. Results: Significant interactions (P values < .01) indicated that the state tobacco environment had the strongest relationship to smoking outcomes among individuals with greatest individual vulnerability. For example, among respondents with childhood maltreatment and parental substance problems, those in states with permissive tobacco environments had 13.3% greater prevalence of smoking than those in restrictive states. Among respondents with neither individual-level risk factor, those in permissive states had 2.8% greater prevalence than those in restrictive states (interaction P value = .0002). Conclusions: Further restricting states' smoking environments could help reduce the prevalence of smoking and heavy smoking, particularly among those at increased individual risk in the general population. Implications: This study shows that the protective effect of restrictive state-level tobacco environments on smoking or heavy smoking was stronger among those especially vulnerable due to individual-level risk factors (parental substance problems, childhood maltreatment). Thus, public health campaigns to influence attitudes towards smoking or legislation to strengthen tobacco control could have a broad effect, particularly impacting those with vulnerability to smoking, which may help decrease smoking prevalence and reduce the massive public health burden of tobaccorelated morbidity and mortality.

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Childhood Maltreatment, Stressful Life Events, and Alcohol Craving in Adult Drinkers

Abstract: Background-Little is known about the relationship of stressful life events and alcohol craving in the general population, and whether a history of childhood maltreatment sensitizes individuals to crave alcohol after adult stressors.

Cited by 37 publications

References 50 publications

Adrenocortical sensitivity, moderated by ongoing stress, predicts drinking intensity in alcohol-dependent men

Adrenocortical sensitivity, moderated by ongoing stress, predicts drinking intensity in alcohol-dependent men

Genetically Informative Mediation Modeling Applied to Stressors and Personality-Disorder Traits in Etiology of Alcohol Use Disorder

Effects of State-Level Tobacco Environment on Cigarette Smoking are Stronger Among Those With Individual-Level Risk Factors

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