Childhood maltreatment as a risk factor for diabetes: findings from a population-based survey of Canadian adults

Shields, Margot; Hovdestad, Wendy E.; Pelletier, Catherine; Dykxhoorn, Jennifer; O’Donnell, Siobhan; Tonmyr, Lil

doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3491-1

Cited by 56 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…As the present data combine results for men and women, this may explain the discrepant results. Regarding the association between diabetes and sexual abuse, the ORs presented here are comparable in size to those in the analyses of Shields, Hovdestad, Pelletier et al (2016). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The pivotal role for sexual abuse, which was seen for the association between COPD and diabetes in the analyses by Shields and colleagues (Shields, Hovdestad, Gilbert et al, 2016; Shields, Hovdestad, Pelletier et al, 2016), was not confirmed in the present data. Nevertheless, in their analyses regarding COPD, results were presented stratified for gender, with markedly higher ORs for women compared to men, for whom no significant association was demonstrated (Shields, Hovdestad, Gilbert et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…The same holds true for a cross-sectional study with an Australian sample of more than 21,000 participants, showing increased ORs for stroke or myocardial infarction and emphysema if a person had experienced either physical or sexual abuse during childhood, while the odds increased further when both sexual and physical abuse had been experienced (Draper et al, 2008). This cumulative association was also shown for COPD and diabetes, where the odds were highest when both child physical and sexual abuse had been experienced (Shields, Hovdestad, Gilbert et al, 2016; Shields, Hovdestad, Pelletier et al, 2016). Our data support the potential cumulative association between child maltreatment and the development of health conditions later in life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Nevertheless, although a high intercorrelation between different subtypes of maltreatment, as well as a cumulative effect of different maltreatment subtypes on long-term physical health, is well known (Draper et al, 2008; Felitti et al, 1998; Shields, Hovdestad, Gilbert et al, 2016; Shields, Hovdestad, Pelletier et al, 2016), there is a lack of analyses focusing on cumulative effects of different types of maltreatment by involving the number of subtypes of maltreatment experienced. Moreover, there is a lack of studies analysing the association of single subtypes of maltreatment and physical health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of child maltreatment subtypes and long-term physical health in a German representative sample

Clemens

Huber‐Lang

Plener

et al. 2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Child maltreatment is a major public problem, associated with enormous consequences on the individual and socioeconomic level. Studies show a clear impact of child maltreatment on long-term physical health. However, there is a lack of analyses comprising a wide variety of subtypes of maltreatment and addressing cumulative effects of different maltreatment subtypes experienced during childhood on physical health. Objective: The objective of this analysis was to assess the association of different subtypes and the intensity of child maltreatment with long-term physical health outcomes. Methods: In a cross-sectional observational approach, a representative sample of the German population (N=2510) was assessed regarding socioeconomic information, their current health status, and their experiences of child maltreatment using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Chi2-Tests were performed to compare differences of physical health conditions in adulthood in association with child maltreatment and binary regression analyses to assess the relationship of physical health and number of different subtypes of maltreatment experienced during childhood. Results: Odds increased significantly for obesity (1.8), diabetes (1.26), cancer (1.28), hypertension (1.16), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1.51), history of myocardial infarction (1.29) and stroke (1.31) with increasingenhancing number of experienced subtypes of child maltreatment. Growing intensity of each subtype of maltreatment was associated with higher rates of all assessed physical health conditions, which could point towards a dose-dependency of the relationship between maltreatment and long-term physical health. Conclusions: Child maltreatment is associated with increased odds for the leading morbidity and mortality causes in Germany. Interventions encompassing secondary and primary preventive strategies are critical to target this major public health problem and its devastating consequences.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of child maltreatment subtypes and long-term physical health in a German representative sample

Clemens

Huber‐Lang

Plener

et al. 2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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“…Interestingly, childhood trauma has been associated with several clinical variables that are likely to be associated with poor lithium response, such as early onset, mixed features, rapid cycling and substance misuse . Moreover, childhood trauma has been associated with numerous medical conditions, such as obesity , cardiovascular diseases, asthma, gastric ulcers, migraine, arthritis , metabolic risk markers or diabetes . Some of these somatic conditions were in turn associated with poor response to lithium as mentioned above.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood trauma and mixed episodes are associated with poor response to lithium in bipolar disorders

Étain

Lajnef

Brichant‐Petitjean

et al. 2016

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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Objectives: Reliable predictors of response to lithium are still lacking in bipolar disorders (BD).However, childhood trauma has been hypothesized to be associated with poor response to lithium. Methods:We included 148 patients with BD, euthymic when retrospectively and clinically assessed for response to lithium and childhood trauma using reliable scales.Results: According to the "Alda scale", the sample consisted in 20.3% of excellent responders, 49.3% of partial responders and 30.4% of non-responders to lithium. A higher level of physical abuse significantly correlated with a lower level of response to lithium (p=0.009). As compared to patients not exposed to any abuse, patients with at least two trauma abuses (emotional, physical or sexual) were more at risk of belonging to the non-responders group (OR=4.91 95CI(1.01-27.02)). Among investigated clinical variables, lifetime presence of mixed episodes and alcohol misuse were associated to non-response to lithium. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that physical abuse and mixed episodes were independently associated with poor response to lithium (p=0.005 and p=0.013 respectively). Conclusions:Childhood physical abuse might be involved in a poor future response to lithium prophylaxis, this effect being independent of the association between clinical expression of BD and poor response to lithium.

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Association of Adverse Childhood Experiences With Cardiovascular Disease Later in Life

et al. 2021

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xposure to adversity early in life has been linked to negative long-term health outcomes. The consequences in late life of these adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), which include different forms of abuse, household dysfunction, and neglect, are now recognized. 1,2 ACEs have been traditionally related to an increased risk of psychological disturbances and substance use disorders. 3 The landmark Adverse Childhood Experiences study, authored by Felitti and colleagues 2 20 years ago, was the first study to propose that ACEs are also associated with the development of chronic physical conditions in adulthood, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). Since then, multiple studies have shown that traumatic events in childhood are associated with an increased likelihood of developing risk factors for CVD (eg, obesity, smoking, hypertension, diabetes) as well as CVD during the lifetime. 4 Interventions that mitigate the negative consequences of ACEs or prevent their initial onset may reduce the incidence of CVD. This narrative review summarizes the current literature regarding the association of ACEs with CVD and discusses possible pathophysiological mechanisms along with management approaches. ACE DefinitionACEs encapsulate a broad spectrum of traumatic and distressing events that threaten a child's physical, familial, or social safety and security before the age of 18 years. 4 These events may include direct mistreatment and neglect, exposure to household dysfunction, physical or sexual abuse, or violence. There are several methods of assessing ACEs. The initial Adverse Childhood Experiences study 2 introduced a 10-category ACE questionnaire to identify abuse, household dysfunction, or neglect up to age 18 years that is still used in its original and expanded versions. 5 Recently, additional factors, such as bullying, economic hardship, and loss of or severe disease in close persons, have also been recognized as ACEs (Table ). 6 ACEs tend to occur in clusters, such that individuals who experience at least 1 ACE are more likely to experience others, putting them at an even higher risk of poor future health. 7 Multiple ACEs may suggest a chaotic family environment that places not only individuals at risk but also family members, eliciting a potentially vicious cycle of intergenerational risk. 8 IMPORTANCE Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are potentially harmful events that occur during childhood, spanning neglect, physical or sexual abuse, parental separation, or death, among others. At least 50% of the US adult population has experienced 1 or more ACEs before the age of 18 years, but in clinical practice, ACEs remain underrecognized. Adults who have experienced ACEs are at increased risk of developing health risk behaviors and, ultimately, cardiovascular disease (CVD). This review summarizes the evidence regarding the association of ACEs with CVD and the accompanying diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in the adult population.OBSERVATIONS ACEs are commonly classified into 3 domains: abuse (psychological, phys...

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Childhood maltreatment as a risk factor for diabetes: findings from a population-based survey of Canadian adults

Cited by 56 publications

References 48 publications

Association of child maltreatment subtypes and long-term physical health in a German representative sample

Association of child maltreatment subtypes and long-term physical health in a German representative sample

Childhood trauma and mixed episodes are associated with poor response to lithium in bipolar disorders

Association of Adverse Childhood Experiences With Cardiovascular Disease Later in Life

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