Childhood experiences of endogenous and neurotic depressives

Matussek, Paul; Molitor, G. A.; Seibt, Georg

doi:10.1007/bf00380963

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In the course of this study, crossvalidated results in several countries (48) have shown (consistent with the results of an independent study by Matussek et al (49)) that depression-prone individuals, compared with healthy controls, have experienced their parents as lacking emotional warmth (and, albeit to a lesser extent, as rejecting). Table 1 shows the results from a few countries.…”

Section: Attitudes Towards Child-rearing: a Possible Early Interactiosupporting

confidence: 90%

An interactionistic integrating view of depressive disorders and their treatment

Perris

1991

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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The development of a depressive disorder is often considered from the perspective of biological causation, mental processes, or with a focus on possible social determinants, even though the possible concomitance of factors belonging to the different domains is generally acknowledged. In this article, a further development of an interactional model previously described is presented. The model is focused on the concept of individual vulnerability, which is assumed to result from a continuous interplay of the individuals with their environment, and from the effect of factors belonging to different domains that interact. A closer definition of individual vulnerability suggests that it consists of the interaction of biological characteristics of the person and a basically dysfunctional self-schema. Empirical studies in support of some of the hypotheses which can be derived from the model are briefly reviewed, and the implications of the model for the treatment of depression is underscored.

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Section: Attitudes Towards Child-rearing: a Possible Early Interactiosupporting

confidence: 90%

An interactionistic integrating view of depressive disorders and their treatment

Perris

1991

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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“…Yet another influence on the child's potential future depression is the gender of the psychologically unavailable or affectionless controlling parent and the child. While most of the studies reported here have pointed to the mother as the more influential parent (Main et al, 1985;Parker, 1979Parker, , 1982Parker, , 1983Parker & Had&Pavlovic, 1984), this pattern has not been wholly consistent, with some studies finding paternal caring (Parker & Lipscombe, 1980), the same-sex parent (Matussek et al, 1985), or both parents (Blatt et al, 1991;Johnson et al, 1982;McCranie & Bass, 1984) to be primary, and others, such as the studies of depressed mothers, not examining the father's role at all. The model of psychological development proposed by Blatt and Shichman (1983) suggests that girls' developmental demand for a shift in the attachment of affection from mother to father in early childhood and boys' deveIopmenta1 demand for a shift in identification from mother to father in early childhood could account for the differential tendency for females to become more often depressed around interpersonal issues (i.e., dependency) and for males to become more often depressed around issues of self-de~nition (i.e., self-criticism).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Self-critical 12-year-old boys, however, tended not to be still self-critical at 31 years, but reported greater experience of aggressive impulses, though not of aggressive actions. Matussek et al (1985), in differentiating various diagnostic groupings of depression, describe two kinds of childhood experiences that correspond roughly to the anaclitic/ introjective distinction. They found that of former inpatients who had been diagnosed as neurotically depressed, women felt that as children they received little attention from their mothers and little appreciation from their fathers, while men reported feeling distant from their fathers.…”

Section: Mccraniementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cicchetti and Aber (1986) similarly reported that young children of depressed mothers engaged in imaginary play more often than children of normal mothers. Matussek et al (1985) found that neurotically depressed women felt rejected by their mothers; "their complaints evidence the existence of an inner concept, the imagining of a good object and a yearning for it. .…”

Section: Mccraniementioning

confidence: 99%

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Parent-child interaction in the etiology of dependent and self-critical depression

Homann

1992

Clinical Psychology Review

334

289

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The role of caring parent-child relationships in the development of depression has been investigated in three types of research strategies: (a) the study of secure and insecure ~tachme~t patterns in infants and young &hi~ren; fb) the study of depressed mother-child int~a~t~o~ based on the ~sumpt~on that the caring batter in thesefami~~es of children at risk for depression could contribute to the understanding of the etiology of depression; and (c) the study of normal and depressed ad&s retrospective accounts of ear& caring experiences with their parents. A major conclusion from all three research methodologies is that mental representations or internal working models of attachment of care-giving relationships are central constructs in understanding the development of a vulnerability to depression. Secure and disturbed patterns of caring relationships are internalized by the child as mental representations; impaired mental representations based on disturbed relationships can create a vulnerability to later depression. There are suggestions that an anxious or ambivalent insecure attachment may lead to a depression focused on issues of dependency, loss, and abandonment, whereas an avoidant insecure attachment may result in a depression focused on issues of sey-worth and self-criticism, with angry feelings directed toward both the caregiver and toward the self indications of possible critical per&& in the developm~t of vu~n~abil~~ to depression are atso ~onsid~ed.From various theoretical perspectives and using very different research methodologies, several research teams have investigated the role of the parent-child relationship in the etiology of depression. They have independently concluded that impairments in "mental representations" (e.g., Blatt, 1974) or "internal working models" (e.g., Bowlby, 1980;Main, Kaplan, & Cassidy, 1985) or care-giving relationships are a central construct in understanding the development of a vulnerability to depression. Some research groups have studied attachment behavior in infants and young childrenCorrespondence should be addressed to Sidney J. Blatt,

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“…In a recent study (3) male and female depressive patients were analyzed separately. Female depressives as a whole did not differ significantly from controls regarding parent-child relationship, the relationship between parents, or the child's contact with the outside world.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Major depression, parental mental disorder and early family relationships

Hällström

1987

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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Sixty middle-aged urban women with a major depressive episode diagnosed in a community survey were compared with those 400 participants of the study who had no history of major depression. The study design is retrospective. The depressed women's parents had been in contact with psychiatric services twice as often as those of never depressed women. The rate of paternal alcoholism was however the same in both groups. As compared with the controls, women with major depression reported significantly more often frequent corporal punishment, poor relationship with mother, having been misunderstood by parents, and unhappy childhood.

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Childhood experiences of endogenous and neurotic depressives

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

An interactionistic integrating view of depressive disorders and their treatment

An interactionistic integrating view of depressive disorders and their treatment

Parent-child interaction in the etiology of dependent and self-critical depression

Major depression, parental mental disorder and early family relationships

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