Childhood cutaneous leishmaniasis: report of 117 cases from Iran

Talari, Safar Ali; Talaei, Rezvan; Shajari, Gholamreza; Vakili, Zarichehr; Taghaviardakani, Abbas

doi:10.3347/kjp.2006.44.4.355

Cited by 67 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…[18][19][20][21] Moreover, the highest proportion of infection (31.3%) was recorded in 21-30 years age group, and the lowest (10%) was in the 31-40 years age group, which is in agreement with previous reports indicating more exposure as a result of educational and occupational situations. [18][19][20][21] According to the number of lesions in the patients, single lesions were more common (58%) than both double (22%) or multiple lesions (20%), which is consistent with a previous report by Talari et al 7 that showed 69.7% had only one lesion. 22 Multiple biting habits by the sand fl y could explain the fi nding of about 42% of patients having more than one skin lesion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Due to sand fl y attack to the exposed body areas to have a blood meal, the most of the lesions appear in the hands, face, and legs, and upper parts of the body, which may be due to the outdoor sleeping on the terraces or yards without using bed net during the summer. Previous report by Talari et al 7 confi rms this fi nding. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…This might be due to the high transmission rate maintained by the presence of both vector (Phlebotomus papatasi) and reservoir (Rhombomys opimus) in those areas. 7,18 However some studies have indicated different results. 23 Two species of Leishmania are involved in CL infections in Iran.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ACL has a disperse frequency whereas ZCL is found in many rural foci in the north, east and south of Iran. 7,24 Hand and arm were the most commonly affected sites of suspected lesions (40%), followed by face and neck (37.5%), legs (20%) and other parts of the body (2.5%). Due to sand fl y attack to the exposed body areas to have a blood meal, the most of the lesions appear in the hands, face, and legs, and upper parts of the body, which may be due to the outdoor sleeping on the terraces or yards without using bed net during the summer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,6 CL is still considered an important health problem in many areas of the world, especially the Eastern Mediterranean region, and almost all countries of the Middle East, including Iran. 7,8 In Iran the disease prevalence is high in some foci, including Isfahan, 9 Shiraz, 10 Khorasan, 11 Khuzestan and Kerman 12 provinces. Correct diagnosis and characterization of the particular parasite is important for prognostic evaluation and for prescribing appropriate treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

An overview of a diagnostic and epidemiologic reappraisal of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran

Farahmand¹,

Nahrevanian²,

Shirazi³

et al. 2011

Braz J Infect Dis

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Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a widespread tropical infection which has a high incidence rate in Iran. Leishmania tropica, the causative agent of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL), and Leishmania major, which causes zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL), are endemic in various parts of Iran with a high incidence rate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reappraisal of the diagnosis and epidemiology of CL in Iran, by different clinical, parasitological and molecular assays among patients suspected of CL referred to the Department of Parasitology, at the Pasteur Institute of Iran during 2006-2009. Two hundred samples from patients with ulcerative skin lesions were collected, clinical analyses were applied, data questionnaire was completed and samples were examined for CL by using both direct microscopic and culture methods. Moreover, PCR assay was applied for detection of Leishmania species in CL isolates resulting from parasitological assay. Clinical observation revealed that the majority (58%) of lesions was single; double lesions were observed in 22% of patients, and only 20% of CL had multiple lesions. Out of 200 patients, Leishman body was observed in 77 samples (38.5%) by direct smear and 40% by cultivation assay. Most patients (21.3%) had a travel history to the Isfahan province, one of the most important endemic areas of CL located in center of Iran. PCR assay by kDNA indicated 32 and 18 out of 50 isolates respectively had similar patterns with standard L. major and L. tropica. In conclusion, clinical manifestations and an appropriate diagnostic assay with a parallel molecular characterization of CL may lead to a screening evaluation of disease, prognosis, treatment and control strategies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

An overview of a diagnostic and epidemiologic reappraisal of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran

Farahmand¹,

Nahrevanian²,

Shirazi³

et al. 2011

Braz J Infect Dis

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Metals in Medicine: Therapeutic Agents

Mukherjee¹,

Sadler²

2009

Wiley Encyclopedia of Chemical Biology

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Within the emerging field of medicinal inorganic chemistry, the realization that metal complexes can be designed as both therapeutic and diagnostic agents with novel mechanisms of action is increasing. Some recent advances are highlighted in this review, beginning with the success of platinum anticancer complexes and attempts to extend such activity to other transition metals, even to arsenic. Lithium is widely used for bipolar affective disorders, and gold is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Metal ions also play crucial roles in contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging and in radiopharmaceuticals used for imaging and therapy. Metal complexes offer flexible design platforms as enzyme inhibitors, and metals in enzyme active sites can be key drug targets. The antimicrobial and antiviral activities of certain metal complexes may prove useful in the fight against antibiotic resistance. Metals play key roles, too, in the control of small signaling molecules such as nitric oxide and carbon monoxide. Control of the uptake and distribution of the essential metals also presents a challenge, which is aided by modern genomic knowledge.

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Head and neck cutaneous leishmania: clinical characteristics, microscopic features and molecular analysis in a cohort of 168 cases

Dunya

Habib

Moukarbel

et al. 2016

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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Lebanon, an underendemic area for cutaneous leishmania (CL), is suffering from a CL outbreak brought by the massive population influx from endemic Syria. CL affects mainly exposed areas; therefore, the head and neck (HN) region is highly susceptible. Individuals diagnosed and speciated with CL (n = 168) using molecular and microscopic analysis on punch biopsy/scrapings were studied. Clinical data, parasitic index (PI) and Ridley's Pattern (RP) were recorded. The HN was divided into 11 anatomic locations. Of 168 patients, 96 patients (57.1 %) had HN involvement and 72 (42.9 %) had no HN involvement. Lesions from the HN were significantly more common in younger patients and were more prone for ulceration, had larger size, higher PI and more advanced RP (p < 0.05). There was no difference in the anatomic distribution of lesions among age groups and genders in the HN group. The cheek area was the most HN involved location. Lesions were less commonly encountered in the veiled area in women. In the community we studied, HN is commonly involved by CL. Lesions with HN involvement were encountered more in pediatric age group and showed more extensive features.

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Childhood cutaneous leishmaniasis: report of 117 cases from Iran

Cited by 67 publications

References 14 publications

An overview of a diagnostic and epidemiologic reappraisal of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran

An overview of a diagnostic and epidemiologic reappraisal of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran

Metals in Medicine: Therapeutic Agents

Head and neck cutaneous leishmania: clinical characteristics, microscopic features and molecular analysis in a cohort of 168 cases

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