Childhood blood lead levels and intellectual development after ban of leaded gasoline in Taiwan: A 9-year prospective study

Huang, Po Chin; Su, Pen Hua; Chen, Hsin Yi; Huang, Han Bin; Tsai, Juei-Hsiung; Huang, Hsin; Wang, Shu Li

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2011.10.011

Cited by 101 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…A number of studies have shown that relatively low concentrations of lead in blood can lead to significant decrease in IQ of children (Bierkens et al, 2012;Huang et al, 2012;Isaac et al, 2012;Jakubowski, 2011;Kim et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling lead bioaccessibility in urban topsoils based on data from Glasgow, London, Northampton and Swansea, UK

Appleton

Cave

Wragg

2012

Environmental Pollution

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Predictive linear regression (LR) modelling between bioaccessible Pb and a range of total elemental compositions and soil properties was executed for the Glasgow, London, Northampton and Swansea urban areas in order to assess the potential for developing a national urban bioaccessible Pb dataset for the UK. LR indicates that total Pb is the only highly significant independent variable for estimating the bioaccessibility of Pb.Bootstrap resampling shows that the relationship between total Pb and bioaccessible Pb is broadly the same in the four urban areas. The median bioaccessible fraction ranges from 38% in Northampton to 68% in London and Swansea. Results of this study can be used as part of a lines of evidence approach to localised risk assessment but should not be used to replace bioaccessibility testing at individual sites where local conditions may vary considerably from the broad overview presented in this study. Capsule AbstractTotal Pb is the only significant predictor for bioaccessible Pb in topsoils from four urban areas in the UK.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling lead bioaccessibility in urban topsoils based on data from Glasgow, London, Northampton and Swansea, UK

Appleton

Cave

Wragg

2012

Environmental Pollution

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“…However, low-level exposure to lead still continues because of the widespread use of lead and its persistent nature. 1,2 The mean blood lead level among childbearing women in the United States was 1.2 mg/dL according to the national survey conducted in [2003][2004], and the level in childbearing Korean women was 1.6 mg/dL by the national survey conducted in 2008-2009. 3,4 Exposure to low-level lead is known to induce a wide range of adverse health effects, 5 and children are particularly sensitive to its effects because of the ongoing development of body organs and the nervous system.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Postnatal Growth Following Prenatal Lead Exposure and Calcium Intake

Hong¹,

Kulkarni

Lim

et al. 2014

Pediatrics

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT:Lead is an ubiquitous environmental pollutant, and no safe threshold for blood lead level in children has been discovered yet. Prenatal lead exposure affects growth of children.WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: Low level of prenatal lead exposure of ,5.0 mg/dL affects postnatal children' s growth, which was further intensified by low calcium intake. abstract BACKGROUND: The effects on postnatal growth of maternal exposure to low levels of lead during pregnancy have not been well established. In addition, information is limited regarding the protective effect of dietary calcium intake during pregnancy against the effect of lead for fetal and postnatal growth. We investigated the relationship between prenatal exposure to lead and growth at birth and 6, 12, and 24 months postnatal, and evaluated the role of calcium intake against the effect of lead. METHODS:A total of 1150 pregnant women, and their subsequent offspring, enrolled in a prospective birth cohort study (Mothers and Children' s Environmental Health Study), were evaluated. Multivariable regression analysis was conducted to estimate the effects of prenatal maternal blood lead levels on growth at each follow-up. RESULTS:The blood lead levels of participating mothers were ,5.0 mg/dL and mean levels were 1.25 mg/dL during the early (before 20 gestational weeks) and late (at delivery) gestational periods. Prenatal exposure to lead, particularly in late pregnancy, was significantly associated with a reduction in infantile growth at 24 months. When pregnant women had dietary calcium intake at mean or upper level, the association was not significant. In contrast, lower than mean level of calcium intake intensified the adverse effect of prenatal lead exposure on growth in children.CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal lead exposure ,5.0 mg/dL adversely affects postnatal growth and low calcium intake aggravates the effect, indicating more stringent control of lead and sufficient intake of calcium are necessary to help children' s health.

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“…Associations between higher prenatal lead exposure and lower MDI scores were observed at every age of assessment in cohorts in Boston, China, and Poland (Bellinger et al, 1987; Liu et al, 2014; Jedrychowski et al, 2009), at 24 to 36 months in cohorts in Mexico City, Port Pirie, Yugoslavia, and Taiwan (Hu et al, 2006; Tellez-Rojo et al, 2006; Wigg et al, 1988; Wasserman et al, 1992; Huang et al, 2012), and at 3 and 6, but not 24 months in Cincinnati (Dietrich et al, 1987; Dietrich et al, 1990). In contrast, there was no association between prenatal lead exposure and MDI scores at 11 months of age in a cohort in Quebec (Boucher et al, 2014) or at 6, 12, or 24 months of age in a Cleveland cohort (Ernhart & Greene, 1990).…”

Section: Leadmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Early exposure to lead was also associated with lower full-scale, performance, and verbal IQ on the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence – Revised (WPPSI-R; Wechsler, 1989) at 5 years (Wasserman et al, 1997). In the Taiwanese cohort, there were associations between early lead exposure and lower full-scale, verbal, and performance IQ scores on the WPPSI-R at 5-6 years (Huang et al, 2012). …”

Section: Leadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal chemical exposures and child language development

Dzwilewski

Schantz

2015

Journal of Communication Disorders

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The goal of this review is to summarize the evidence that prenatal and/or early postnatal exposure to certain chemicals, both man made (insulating materials, flame retardants, pesticides) and naturally occurring (e.g. lead, mercury), may be associated with delays or impairments in language development. We focus primarily on a subset of more extensively studied chemicals—polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), lead, and methyl mercury—for which a reasonable body of literature on neurodevelopmental outcomes is available. We also briefly summarize the smaller body of evidence for other chemicals including polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants (PBDEs) and organophosphate pesticides. Very few studies have used specific assessments of language development and function. Therefore, we included discussion of aspects of cognitive development such as overall intellectual functioning and verbal abilities that rely on language, as well as aspects of cognition such as verbal and auditory working memory that are critical underpinnings of language development. A high percentage of prospective birth cohort studies of PCBs, lead and mercury have reported exposure-related reductions in overall IQ and/or verbal IQ that persist into middle or late childhood. Given these findings, it is important that clinicians and researchers in communication sciences and disorders are aware of the potential for environmental chemicals to impact language development.

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Childhood blood lead levels and intellectual development after ban of leaded gasoline in Taiwan: A 9-year prospective study

Cited by 101 publications

References 39 publications

Modelling lead bioaccessibility in urban topsoils based on data from Glasgow, London, Northampton and Swansea, UK

Modelling lead bioaccessibility in urban topsoils based on data from Glasgow, London, Northampton and Swansea, UK

Postnatal Growth Following Prenatal Lead Exposure and Calcium Intake

Prenatal chemical exposures and child language development

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