Childhood autism: A complex disorder

Reichelt, Karl L.; Sælid, Gry Anette; Lindback, T; Bøler, J.B.

doi:10.1016/0006-3223(86)90310-0

Cited by 43 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…1 -3 and Table I), and that some of these are opioids and also exorphins (Israngkun et al, 1986;Reichelt et al, 1986;1991;Shattock et al, 1990;Cade et al, 2000;Shanahan et al, 2000). The definite structure of these have been obtained by mass spectrometry and fragmentation mass spectrometry (Shanahan et al, 2000;Remme et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Can the Pathophysiology of Autism be Explained by the Nature of the Discovered Urine Peptides?

Reichelt¹,

Knivsberg

2003

Nutritional Neuroscience

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Opioid peptides derived from food proteins (exorphins) have been found in urine of autistic patients. Based on the work of several groups, we try to show that exorphins and serotonin uptake stimulating factors may explain many of the signs and symptoms seen in autistic disorders. The individual symptoms ought to be explainable by the properties and behavioural effects of the found peptides. The data presented form the basis of an autism model, where we suggest that exorphins and serotonin uptake modulators are key mediators for the development of autism. This may be due to a genetically based peptidase deficiency in at least two or more peptidases and, or of peptidase regulating proteins made manifest by a dietary overload of exorphin precursors such as by increased gut uptake.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Can the Pathophysiology of Autism be Explained by the Nature of the Discovered Urine Peptides?

Reichelt¹,

Knivsberg

2003

Nutritional Neuroscience

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“…In this patient, the replacement of a normal diet produced an exacerbation of autistic symptoms [66] . Subsequently, other cases having an association between autism and CD were reported [67,68] . For example and of particular interest is the case of a woman with Down's syndrome who suddenly experienced autistic behavior, hallucinations, depression and anorexia.…”

Section: Major Depression Panic Disorder Autismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Affective and Psychiatric Disorders in Celiac Disease

Addolorato

Leggio

D’Angelo

et al. 2008

Dig Dis

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Several extraintestinal clinical manifestations have been reported in celiac disease (CD). Among them, growing evidence suggests the association between CD and affective and psychiatric disorders. In this review the most frequent affective and psychiatric disorders associated with CD and the possible mechanisms involved in these associations were analyzed. The available data suggest that screening for CD in patients with affective and/or psychiatric symptoms may be useful since these disorders could be the expression of an organic disease rather than primary psychiatric illnesses.

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“…35 Most children with autism are sensitive to both gluten, the major protein in wheat and barley, and to casein, the major protein in cow's milk. [36][37][38][39][40] Elevation of IgG antibodies to wheat, barley, and several dairy products is common in autism even though most children with autism do not commonly have celiac disease. [36][37][38][39][40] Behavioral improvements after restriction of gluten and casein are attributed to a decrease in peptides (casomorphin and gliadorphin) derived from gluten and casein that have central nervous system opioid effects [36][37][38][39][40] but may also be due to other types of immune abnormalities.…”

Section: Iga Deficiency and Celiac Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Immunodeficiency, Gastrointestinal Candidiasis, Wheat and Dairy Sensitivity, Abnormal Urine Arabinose, and Autism: A Case Study

Shaw¹,

Baptist²,

Geenens³

2010

N A J Med Sci

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A child with autism was found to have complete IgA deficiency (serum IgA <6 mg/dL; normal 33-235 mg/dL), Candidiasis of the gastrointestinal tract based on evaluation of stool testing and elevated urine arabinose, and elevated serum antibodies to wheat and dairy products. The pretreatment urinary arabinose concentration (341 mmol/mol creatinine in this child was nearly six times the mean value (60.4 mmol/mol creatinine, n=20) of normal children and over ten times the median value (31.0 mmol/mol creatinine) of normal controls. After antifungal therapy for four months, the urine was retested. At that time the urine arabinose was measured at 51 mmol/mol creatinine, a value only 15% of the baseline sample. Restriction of wheat and dairy products from the diet and antifungal therapy led to a significant decrease in autistic behaviors and increased rate of learning. The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), an observational measure of various aspects of autism, for the child has decreased from a rating of 43 (severely autistic) prior to introduction of these therapies to a value of 29 (nonautistic) after therapy.

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Childhood autism: A complex disorder

Cited by 43 publications

References 29 publications

Can the Pathophysiology of Autism be Explained by the Nature of the Discovered Urine Peptides?

Can the Pathophysiology of Autism be Explained by the Nature of the Discovered Urine Peptides?

Affective and Psychiatric Disorders in Celiac Disease

Immunodeficiency, Gastrointestinal Candidiasis, Wheat and Dairy Sensitivity, Abnormal Urine Arabinose, and Autism: A Case Study

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