Childhood adversity and personality disorders: Results from a nationally representative population-based study

Afifi, Tracie O.; Mather, Amber A.; Boman, Jonathon; Fleisher, William; Enns, Murray W.; MacMillan, Harriet L.; Sareen, Jitender

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.11.008

Cited by 327 publications

(261 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…7 Strong associations between BPD and adverse childhood experiences have been found in clinical 73 and populationbased adult samples. 74 The few studies including prospective data indicate that not only childhood maltreatment but also parenting variables such as attachment disorganization, maternal inconsistency and parental hostility are specifically associated with increased risk for BPD. 24,75,76 In a recent populationbased study, early BPD symptoms, at the age of 11, could be predicted by adverse family backgrounds and suboptimal parenting.…”

Section: Environmental Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescence

2014

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This is the 4th in our series on Adolescent Health. abstract Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a common and severe mental disorder that is associated with severe functional impairment and a high suicide rate. BPD is usually associated with other psychiatric and personality disorders, high burden on families and carers, continuing resource utilization, and high treatment costs. BPD has been a controversial diagnosis in adolescents, but this is no longer justified. Recent evidence demonstrates that BPD is as reliable and valid among adolescents as it is in adults and that adolescents with BPD can benefit from early intervention. Consequently, adolescent BPD is now recognized in psychiatric classification systems and in national treatment guidelines. This review aims to inform practitioners in the field of adolescent health about the nature of BPD in adolescence and the benefits of early detection and intervention. BPD diagnosis and treatment should be considered part of routine practice in adolescent mental health to improve these individuals' well-being and long-term prognosis.

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Section: Environmental Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescence

2014

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“…There is a lack of literature examining the association between childhood trauma and poor functioning in borderline personality disorder, possibly because childhood maltreatment is so common in this patient group (Afifi et al 2011). This could result in low variance of traumatic experiences and consequently a publication bias due to non-significant results.…”

Section: Borderline Personality Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To our knowledge, there are no reviews that have examined the relationship between childhood trauma and functional impairment in psychiatric disorders. A large proportion of patients across different phases of psychosis Larsson et al 2013a), bipolar disorder (Lu et al 2008;Conus et al 2010) and borderline personality disorder (Zanarini et al 2002;Afifi et al 2011) report exposure to traumatic events during childhood. As childhood trauma is common and a potentially important determinant of psychosocial functioning across these different psychiatric illnesses, we will examine this issue cross-diagnostically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood trauma and functional disability in psychosis, bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder: a review of the literature

Cotter

Kaess

Yung

2014

Ir. j. psychol. Med.

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Objectives. We aimed to examine the association between childhood trauma and functional impairment in psychotic disorders, bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder, to speculate on possible mechanisms that underlie this association and discuss the implications for clinical work.Methods. Narrative review of the peer-reviewed English language literature in the area.Results. High rates of childhood trauma in psychotic disorders, bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder were identified. This was associated with impaired social and occupational functioning in both the premorbid and established phases of each of these psychiatric disorders over and above the deficits typically observed in these populations. Possible mechanisms mediating this relationship include neurocognitive deficits, insecure attachment, higher rates of comorbidities and problems with adherence and response to treatment. Conclusions.Routine clinical inquiry about childhood maltreatment should be adopted within mental health settings. This has potentially important treatment implications for identifying those individuals at elevated risk of functional disability. While there is no clear guidance currently available on how to target childhood trauma in the treatment of psychotic disorders, bipolar disorder or borderline personality disorder, there are several promising lines of enquiry and further research is warranted.

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“…5 It is well established that child maltreatment (ie, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional maltreatment, physical and emotional neglect) is associated with adult Axis I and II mental disorders. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Evidence about the negative long-term outcomes associated with child maltreatment could provide insights into understanding why physical punishment is associated with impairment and provides the theoretical perspective for the current study. 18 Although only a few representative studies have been conducted on the relationship between physical punishment and specific mental disorders, theoretically similar associations found in the child maltreatment literature would be expected for physical punishment because physical punishment and child maltreatment are not separate and unrelated dichotomies but rather varying degrees of physical force used on children found along a continuum of increasing severity ranging from no physical acts to severe child maltreatment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Punishment and Mental Disorders: Results From a Nationally Representative US Sample

Afifi

Mota

Dasiewicz³

et al. 2012

Pediatrics

Self Cite

174

120

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Physical punishment is associated with aggression, delinquency, and internalizing conditions in childhood, as well as a range of Axis I mental disorders in adulthood. More research is needed on the possible long-term relationship between physical punishment and mental health.WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: To our knowledge, this is the first nationally representative examination of physical punishment and a range of Axis I and II disorders, gender interactions, and proportion of mental disorders in the general population that may be attributable to physical punishment. abstract BACKGROUND: The use of physical punishment is controversial. Few studies have examined the relationship between physical punishment and a wide range of mental disorders in a nationally representative sample. The current research investigated the possible link between harsh physical punishment (ie, pushing, grabbing, shoving, slapping, hitting) in the absence of more severe child maltreatment (ie, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, physical neglect, emotional neglect, exposure to intimate partner violence) and Axis I and II mental disorders. RESULTS: Harsh physical punishment was associated with increased odds of mood disorders, anxiety disorders, alcohol and drug abuse/ dependence, and several personality disorders after adjusting for sociodemographic variables and family history of dysfunction (adjusted odds ratio: 1.36-2.46). Approximately 2% to 5% of Axis I disorders and 4% to 7% of Axis II disorders were attributable to harsh physical punishment. METHODS:CONCLUSIONS: Harsh physical punishment in the absence of child maltreatment is associated with mood disorders, anxiety disorders, substance abuse/dependence, and personality disorders in a general population sample. These findings inform the ongoing debate around the use of physical punishment and provide evidence that harsh physical punishment independent of child maltreatment is related to mental disorders.

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Childhood adversity and personality disorders: Results from a nationally representative population-based study

Cited by 327 publications

References 57 publications

Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescence

Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescence

Childhood trauma and functional disability in psychosis, bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder: a review of the literature

Physical Punishment and Mental Disorders: Results From a Nationally Representative US Sample

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