“…Seeking pediatric health care may alleviate the mother's emotional distress and perceived inability to cope with the numerous demands of parenting (i.e., low parenting self-efficacy). A variety of research suggests that parenting self-efficacy is associated with child outcomes such as infant interactive behavior, toddler adjustment, behavior problems, school performance, anxiety, socio-emotional adjustment, self-regulation, and self-worth (Ardelt & Eccles, 2001;Bogenschneider, Small, & Tsay, 1997;Bohlin & Hagekull, 1987;Coleman & Karraker, 2003;Day, Factor, & Szkiba-Day, 1994;Gross & Tucker, 1994;Hill & Bush, 2001). A number of studies have found self-efficacy to be negatively correlated with anxiety, depression, negative cognitions, demoralization, learned helplessness, maternal reported stress and passive maternal coping style (Bandura, 1991;Coleman & Karraker, 1997;Cutrona & Troutman, 1986;Donovan, Leavitt, & Walsh, 1990;Ozer & Bandura, 1990;Teti & Gelfand, 1991;Wells-Parker, Miller, & Topping, 1990).…”