Child maltreatment and age of alcohol and marijuana initiation in high-risk youth

Proctor, Laura J.; Lewis, Terri L.; Roesch, Scott C.; Thompson, Richard; Litrownik, Alan J.; English, Diana J.; Arria, Amelia M.; Isbell, Patricia; Dubowitz, Howard

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.06.021

Cited by 49 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…Among the main hypotheses raised for this association is the concept of cumulative risk effect that includes a wide range of factors such as the type of abuse, time of exposure to abuse, severity of the traumatic event and age at onset of drug use. Previous studies have demonstrated that greater severity and chronicity of CM are associated with a more severe SUD and early age of alcohol, opioid and marijuana initiation (Proctor et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child Maltreatment and Illicit Substance Abuse: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Longitudinal Studies

et al. 2018

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This study aimed to investigate the association between exposure to different types of child maltreatment (CM) and the development of substance use disorders (SUDs) later in life. A systematic review was conducted: the PubMed, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases were searched for relevant papers and ten studies were identified for further analysis. Random effects meta‐analyses were performed for each type of maltreatment in order to estimate the odds ratio (OR) for SUD incidence, and meta‐regressions were performed to explore potential moderators. Individuals with a history of physical abuse during childhood had a 74 per cent increased risk for drug abuse later in life (OR = 1.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.362.18). The risk for drug abuse was also 73 per cent higher in individuals with a history of sexual abuse during childhood (OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.242.41). A meta‐regression found that gender has a moderating effect, with women at a greater risk of SUD incidence compared to men. Exposure to CM, such as physical and sexual abuse in childhood, increases the risk of further substance abuse. Understanding the interplay between the different factors associated with violence and abuse of psychoactive substances is of fundamental importance in designing prevention approaches and interventions for drug users. Key Practitioner Messages Child exposure to violence was associated with the development of substance use disorder. Exposure to violence affects men and women in a gender‐dependent manner, with females being at a higher risk. Understanding the interplay between the different factors associated with violence and drug abuse is of fundamental importance to design prevention approaches and interventions. Drug users have higher rates of child maltreatment and psychological suffering compared to the general population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child Maltreatment and Illicit Substance Abuse: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Longitudinal Studies

et al. 2018

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“…Child maltreatment is the abuse (acts of commission, including physical, emotional, and sexual abuse) and neglect (acts of omission, including failure to provide necessary care that meets a child's basic needs, such as food, household cleanliness, and supervision) of children under 18 years of age (Leeb, Paulozzi, Melanson, Simon, & Arias, ). Numerous studies have shown associations between child abuse and neglect and adolescent substance use, including substance abuse that begins at an earlier age and more severe substance use (Gabrielli, Jackson, & Brown, ; Proctor et al., ; Tonmyr, Thornton, Draca, & Wekerle, ). Evidence suggests that substance use occurring in late childhood or early adolescence early substance use may be a mechanism linking childhood maltreatment and later‐adolescent substance use (Lansford, Dodge, Pettit, & Bates, ).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Evidence suggests that substance use occurring in late childhood or early adolescence early substance use may be a mechanism linking childhood maltreatment and later‐adolescent substance use (Lansford, Dodge, Pettit, & Bates, ). Maltreated youths initiate substance use at earlier ages (Proctor et al., ). Additionally, adolescents who initiate substance use earlier are more likely to engage in subsequent substance use, including the development of substance use disorder (Tucker, Ellickson, Orlando, Martino, & Klein, ).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Authors of most past research on psychological mediators of the association between maltreatment and adolescent substance use have focused on internalizing and externalizing symptoms, with the majority of studies observing a significant mediating role for externalizing but not internalizing symptoms (Jones et al., ; Kobulsky, Holmes, Yoon, & Perzynski, ; Proctor et al., ). This finding generates new research questions needing investigation to move the field forward.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Gender‐Moderated Pathways From Childhood Abuse and Neglect to Late‐Adolescent Substance Use

Kobulsky

Yoon

Bright

et al. 2018

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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Substantial research has linked childhood maltreatment to the development of substance use in adolescence. However, gender differences in the mechanisms that connect child abuse and neglect to substance use remain unclear. In this study, we applied multiple‐group structural equation modeling in a sample of 1,161 youths (boys, n = 552; girls, n = 609) from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN) to examine gender differences in the associations between childhood abuse and neglect exposure from ages 0–12 years and substance use severity at age 18 as mediated by early substance use at age 14 and psychological symptoms (anger, anxiety, and depression) at age 16. In both genders, neglect directly predicted substance use severity, β = .25, p < .001 for boys and β = .17, p = .007 for girls; and early substance use, β = .03, p = .002 for boys and β = .06, p = .005 for girls; and anger mediated this association, β = .10, p < .001 for boys and β = .06, p = .005 for girls. Anger mediated paths from abuse in boys, β = .06, p = .018. In girls, early substance use mediated the path from abuse to substance use severity, β = .06, p = .008, with the mediated effect and direct path from abuse to early substance use significantly moderated by gender. For substance use severity, R2 = .26 for girls and R2 = .27 for boys. These findings demonstrate the prominence of neglect in predicting substance use severity and gender differences in paths from abuse.

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“…In this review, physical abuse was most strongly associated with adolescent nicotine (odds ratio [OR]: 1.8–6.1), alcohol (OR: 0.8–8.9), and drug use (OR: 1.8–20.4) compared with other types of child maltreatment (i.e., sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect). Consistent with the review, physical abuse has repeatedly been found to be associated with higher levels of adolescent substance use in studies that utilized national datasets, such as the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Snyder & Monroe, ), the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well‐being (Snyder & Smith, ; Shin, Miller, & Teicher, ), and the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN; Proctor et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Child maltreatment types and adolescent substance use: The role of deviant peer affiliation

Yoon

Snyder

Yoon

2019

Child & Family Social Work

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This is the first study to examine the mediating effects of deviant peer affiliation on the association between different types of child maltreatment and adolescent substance use that includes alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana. Peer deviance is a well‐established correlate of adolescent substance use, but most studies exploring the relationship between child maltreatment and adolescent substance use have failed to include peer deviance. Structural equation modelling was conducted to examine the direct effects of each type of child maltreatment (i.e., physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, and neglect) on adolescent substance use, as well as indirect effects via deviant peer affiliation, using Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect. The results indicated that deviant peer affiliation fully mediated the individuals who had been emotionally abused showed increased deviant peer affiliation, which in turn was associated with higher levels of adolescent substance use. None of the four types of child maltreatment was directly associated with adolescent substance use. The study's findings underscore the importance of early assessment and intervention for the peer relationships of youth who have been emotionally abused.

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Child maltreatment and age of alcohol and marijuana initiation in high-risk youth

Abstract: Externalizing behavior is one pathway from childhood maltreatment to age of substance use initiation. Services for maltreated youth should incorporate substance use prevention, particularly among those with early externalizing problems.

Cited by 49 publications

References 40 publications

Child Maltreatment and Illicit Substance Abuse: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Longitudinal Studies

Child Maltreatment and Illicit Substance Abuse: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Longitudinal Studies

Gender‐Moderated Pathways From Childhood Abuse and Neglect to Late‐Adolescent Substance Use

Child maltreatment types and adolescent substance use: The role of deviant peer affiliation

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