Chikungunya Virus Infection of Aedes Mosquitoes

Wong, Hui Vern; Chan, Yoke Fun; Sam, I‐Ching; Sulaiman, Wan Yusof Wan; Vythilingam, Indra

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-3618-2_11

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In invertebrate hosts, several tissues are susceptible to CHIKV and infection occurs very quickly. The midgut epithelium appears to be the first site of viral replication (Monteiro et al, 2019) followed by propagation to secondary organs, such as the salivary glands (Wong et al, 2016). By the way, infection of this tissue is the key step to make the mosquito a competent vector, since the transmission occurs when it salivates during blood feeding and the released saliva contains infectious CHIKV particles.…”

Section: Cell and Tissue Tropismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview on Chikungunya Virus Infection: From Epidemiology to State-of-the-Art Experimental Models

Constant

Rajsfus²,

Carneiro³

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is currently one of the most relevant arboviruses to public health. It is a member of the Togaviridae family and alphavirus genus and causes an arthritogenic disease known as chikungunya fever (CHIKF). It is characterized by a multifaceted disease, which is distinguished from other arbovirus infections by the intense and debilitating arthralgia that can last for months or years in some individuals. Despite the great social and economic burden caused by CHIKV infection, there is no vaccine or specific antiviral drugs currently available. Recent outbreaks have shown a change in the severity profile of the disease in which atypical and severe manifestation lead to hundreds of deaths, reinforcing the necessity to understand the replication and pathogenesis processes. CHIKF is a complex disease resultant from the infection of a plethora of cell types. Although there are several in vivo models for studying CHIKV infection, none of them reproduces integrally the disease signature observed in humans, which is a challenge for vaccine and drug development. Therefore, understanding the potentials and limitations of the state-of-the-art experimental models is imperative to advance in the field. In this context, the present review outlines the present knowledge on CHIKV epidemiology, replication, pathogenesis, and immunity and also brings a critical perspective on the current in vitro and in vivo state-of-the-art experimental models of CHIKF.

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Section: Cell and Tissue Tropismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview on Chikungunya Virus Infection: From Epidemiology to State-of-the-Art Experimental Models

Constant

Rajsfus²,

Carneiro³

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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“…CHIKV infection of the fat bodies of the Aedes species, described for other arboviruses (e.g., dengue virus 2 (DENV 2) and Zika virus (ZIKV)) [ 49 , 55 ], is currently undetermined. On the contrary, viral isolation from the legs and wings indicate the presence of CHIKV in these districts [ 56 ] (see Figure 1 for CHIKV mosquito tissue tropism).…”

Section: Invertebrate and Vertebrate Animal Hostsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropism of the Chikungunya Virus

Matusali

Colavita

Bordi

et al. 2019

Viruses

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Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a re-emerging mosquito-borne virus that displays a large cell and organ tropism, and causes a broad range of clinical symptoms in humans. It is maintained in nature through both urban and sylvatic cycles, involving mosquito vectors and human or vertebrate animal hosts. Although CHIKV was first isolated in 1953, its pathogenesis was only more extensively studied after its re-emergence in 2004. The unexpected spread of CHIKV to novel tropical and non-tropical areas, in some instances driven by newly competent vectors, evidenced the vulnerability of new territories to this infectious agent and its associated diseases. The comprehension of the exact CHIKV target cells and organs, mechanisms of pathogenesis, and spectrum of both competitive vectors and animal hosts is pivotal for the design of effective therapeutic strategies, vector control measures, and eradication actions.

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“…Cellular tropism for both DENV and CHIKV appears widespread to multiple mosquito organs, including midgut, salivary glands, fat body tissue, nervous, tracheal, and reproductive systems [ 39 – 45 ]. Interestingly, variation in the replication rates between of the two viruses inside Ae .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dengue and chikungunya virus loads in the mosquito Aedes aegypti are determined by distinct genetic architectures

et al. 2023

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Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of the arboviruses dengue (DENV) and chikungunya (CHIKV). These viruses exhibit key differences in their vector interactions, the latter moving more quicky through the mosquito and triggering fewer standard antiviral pathways. As the global footprint of CHIKV continues to expand, we seek to better understand the mosquito’s natural response to CHIKV—both to compare it to DENV:vector coevolutionary history and to identify potential targets in the mosquito for genetic modification. We used a modified full-sibling design to estimate the contribution of mosquito genetic variation to viral loads of both DENV and CHIKV. Heritabilities were significant, but higher for DENV (40%) than CHIKV (18%). Interestingly, there was no genetic correlation between DENV and CHIKV loads between siblings. These data suggest Ae. aegypti mosquitoes respond to the two viruses using distinct genetic mechanisms. We also examined genome-wide patterns of gene expression between High and Low CHIKV families representing the phenotypic extremes of viral load. Using RNAseq, we identified only two loci that consistently differentiated High and Low families: a long non-coding RNA that has been identified in mosquito screens post-infection and a distant member of a family of Salivary Gland Specific (SGS) genes. Interestingly, the latter gene is also associated with horizontal gene transfer between mosquitoes and the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia. This work is the first to link the SGS gene to a mosquito phenotype. Understanding the molecular details of how this gene contributes to viral control in mosquitoes may, therefore, also shed light on its role in Wolbachia.

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Chikungunya Virus Infection of Aedes Mosquitoes

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Overview on Chikungunya Virus Infection: From Epidemiology to State-of-the-Art Experimental Models

Overview on Chikungunya Virus Infection: From Epidemiology to State-of-the-Art Experimental Models

Tropism of the Chikungunya Virus

Dengue and chikungunya virus loads in the mosquito Aedes aegypti are determined by distinct genetic architectures

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