Chicken Monoclonal IgY Antibody: A Novel Antibody Development Strategy

Abstract

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have the advantages of high specificity and stable expression, while avian IgY antibodies provide a series of advantages such as less interference with non-specific proteins in immunoassays, and stronger IgY production against highly conserved mammalian antigens. Monoclonal IgY (mIgY) is a new antibody development that combines advantages of IgY and mAbs. mIgY has great potential for immunological detection and diagnosis, for screening and validating biomarkers and drug targets, and for the production of Abs against conserved mammalian proteins. mIgY can be developed by hybridoma technology or phage display technology. However, the hybridoma technology is difficult in the chicken system due to the lack of a robust fusion partner. mIgY can be developed into Ab fragments, chimeric Abs and humanised Abs. The most successful examples are a series of anti-prion mIgY which demonstrate improved Ab titre and specificity.

Canine Parvovirus is diagnosed and neutralized by chicken IgY-scFv generated against the virus capsid protein

“…As summarized by previous authors, owning to their unique structure, phylogenetic distance and tmechanisms of molecular diversification, IgY antibodies provide a series of important advantages over mammal IgG, including the stronger immune responses of chicken system to the proteins conserved among mammals, decreased/no cross-reactivities (i.e. : rheumatoid factor, human anti-mouse IgG antibody, complement system, Fc receptors) in the mammal systems [ 19 , 20 ], and more convenient design of primer against IgY-scFv (Table 1 ), as IgY only has one isotype and lacks hinge region [ 9 ]. Furthermore, it is noteworthy to address, recent studies confirm that from the glycobiology point of view, recombinant IgY antibody could be a potentially promising immune-therapeutic candidate after proper antibody engineering and expression as IgY is more heavily glycosylated [ 21 ], and has higher sialic acid content [ 22 ] as compared to mammal IgG.…”

“…Our previous work confirmed that the generated polyclonal IgY targeted to CPV-VP2 could apply into the immunotherapy and immunoprophylaxis for the CPV infection [ 8 ]. In recent years, as an interesting tendency in IgY technology, generation of IgY-scFv in order to better combine the biological superiorities of both IgY and recombinant antibody fragment, is gaining increasing attention and application [ 9 , 10 ]. Our previous studies demonstrated that IgY-scFv can be generated and applied in different immunoassays for the detection of small molecules gentamicin [ 11 ] and large molecules pIFN-γ [ 12 ] in the veterinary practice.…”

Generation and Evaluation of Chicken IgY-scFv for the Purposes of CPV Diagnosis and Therapy

“…Recombinant functional antibody fragments remove or reduce irrelevant structures, while retain the speci city and main biological activities of natural antibodies, which offers a wider application prospect than natural antibodies (23). Recombinant IgY-scFv could combine the advantages of both IgY molecular and functional antibody fragment (9).…”

“…Our previous work con rmed that the generated polyclonal IgY targeted to CPV-VP2 could applied into the immunotherapy and immunoprophylaxis for the CPV infection (8). In recent years, as an interesting tendency in IgY technology, generation of IgY-scFv in order to better combine the biological superiorities of both IgY and recombinant antibody fragment, is gaining increasing attention and application (9,10). Our previous studies demonstrated that IgY-scFv can be generated and applied in different immunoassays for the detection of small molecules gentamicin (11) and large molecules pIFN-γ (12) in the veterinary practice.…”

Monoclonal antibodies: Principles and applications of immmunodiagnosis and immunotherapy for hepatitis C virus

“…IgY has been used effectively against several human and veterinary viruses, such as the bovine rotavirus [103] , infectious bursal disease virus [104] , human influenza virus H1N1 [105,106] , rabies virus [107] , bovine leukemia Virus [108] , rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus [109] , bovine respiratory syncytial virus [110] , avian reovirus [111] , norovirus [112] , hepatitis A virus [113] , and the white spot syndrome virus [114] . The use of genetic engineering technologies to produce chicken mAb (mIgYs) will enhance the utility of IgY antibodies [115] . The combination of the high specificity and homogeneity of the mAbs and the unique features of chicken antibodies provide additional features to mIgYs.…”