Chicken Egg Antibodies for Prophylaxis and Therapy of Infectious Intestinal Diseases I. Immunization and Antibody Determination

Kühlmann, R.; Wiedemann, V.; Schmidt, P; Wanke, Rüdiger; Linckh, E.; Lösch, U.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0450.1988.tb00535.x

Cited by 39 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…In this treatment, specific antibodies that are capable of blocking the adherence of microorganisms to the intestine or neutralizing them are administered orally. There are several reports on the efficacy of chicken as therapeutic agents against dental carries and gastroenteritis in humans (Yolken et al, 1988;Otake et al, 1991), against diarrhea in pigs (Kuhlmann et al, 1988;Yokoyama et al, 1992;Marquardt et al, 1999) and even against viral gastritis in mice (Bartz et al, 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It is well known that laying hens produce IgG in serum that is transferred in high amounts to the egg follicle (Kuhlmann et al, 1988). This chicken IgG once transferred to the serum is then called IgY.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This chicken IgG once transferred to the serum is then called IgY. An estimation of 100-200 mg of IgY can be obtained from one egg (Kuhlmann et al, 1988), hence, chicken eggs can be used as a convenient source of antibodies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies on the Stability of Chicken IgY in Different Sugars, Complex Carbohydrates and Food Materials

Jaradat

Marquardt

2000

Food and Agricultural Immunology

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The effect of non-reducing sugars (sucrose, lactose and trehalose), complex carbohydrates (cyclodextrin and dextran), infant formula or egg yolk on the stability of purified chicken IgY was evaluated under different conditions. Regardless of the protectant that was used, about 20% of the activity of IgY was lost during freeze-drying except in the presence of infant formula where the loss of IgY activity was approximately 75%. The lowest loss of activity (10%) was observed when no protectant was used. Trehalose was the best protectant followed by cyclodextrin and infant formula when IgY was stored for 6 or 14 weeks at different temperatures. Sucrose, lactose and dextran were not effective as protectants under these conditions. IgY activity was completely lost after pepsin treatment in the presence of sugars or complex carbohydrates while 34 and 40% of its activity was recovered when treated in the presence of infant formula and egg yolk, respectively. IgY was fairly stable after trypsin treatment with the recovery of residual activity being between 75-100% depending on the protectant. Finally, the effect of heat treatment on the stability of aqueous solutions of IgY was evaluated. IgY was stable at 50, 60 or 70°C while complete loss of IgY activity was observed at 80 and 90°C in the presence of all protectants except infant formula and egg yolk were about 5% residual activity was observed. These results demonstrate that the addition of different compounds to IgY during freeze-drying or storage at different temperatures or subjecting them to enzyme treatments provided varying and in most cases considerable protection against loss of biological activity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies on the Stability of Chicken IgY in Different Sugars, Complex Carbohydrates and Food Materials

Jaradat

Marquardt

2000

Food and Agricultural Immunology

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“…The laying hen is a potentially valuable source of antigen-specific antibody as it efficiently transfers serum antibodies to developing egg yolk. These transferred egg yolk antibodies (IgY) are equivalent in specificity and sensitivity to those found in the serum [24], are maintained for long periods Fig. 7, the curves of other strains were not shown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of chicken antisera raised against Aspergillus by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay

Chen

Song

et al. 2000

Nahrung

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Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays of three Aspergillus species have been developed. Laying hens were immunized with the exoantigens from Asp. flavus, Asp. ochreaus and Asp. versicolor. All test chickens except for one produced antisera raised against the exoantigens. The antisera production process and ELISA titer were analysed. Fourteen days after the first injection, the antisera began to produce largely, on the 35th day reached to the peak, and maintained a stable level until the 42nd day. The maximum ELISA titer of the antisera to the exoantigens from Asp. flavus, Asp. ochreaus and Asp. versicolor was 1:8,000, 1:10,000 and 1:10,000, respectively. The cross-reactivities of antisera were determined with seventeen species of Aspergillus, ten species of fungi from other genera and the buffer-extracts of grain. The antisera did not cross-react with the exoantigens from other genera and the buffer-extracts of grain. The antiserum to exoantigen from Asp. ochreaus was species-specific, whereas the antisera against Asp. flavus and Asp. versicolor tended to cross-react with other Aspergillus species to varying degrees. The results suggest that exoantigens immunoassays can be developed to indentify and detect Aspergillus genus in grains.

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“…Hens produce 200-300 eggs per year and each egg can contain 150 mg of antibodies (Marquardt 1997;Lee et al 2000). The antibody content of a hen's egg is 20 times greater than the antibody content of a cow's colostrum (Kuhlmann et al 1988). Orally administered immunoglobulins from eggs have been reported to be absorbed and transferred in the blood of neonatal piglets as efficiently as colostral antibodies (Yokoyama et al 1993).…”

Section: Egg Yolk Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subtherapeutic use of antibiotics in pork production: Risks and alternatives

Adjiri-Awere¹,

Lunen²

2005

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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The purpose of this review is to discuss the issue of subtherapeutic use of antibiotics in pork production and possible alternatives. Specifically, the review describes the potential problem of antibiotic resistance and reviews disease prevention and immune potentiation strategies as alternatives to subtherapeutic antibiotics. In recent years, the use of in-feed subtherapeutic antibiotics by the pork industry for growth promotion and disease prophylaxis has come under increased scrutiny. The potential risk of bacteria acquiring resistance to specific antibiotics and the detrimental effects that this may have on human health has resulted in the banning of certain antibiotics in some European countries. Despite the current interest in the reduction or elimination of subtherapeutic antibiotic use in livestock production, there may be a risk that such a reduction or elimination would have negative effects on animal welfare, nutrient utilization, manure production and economic sustainability. A number of alternatives to subtherapeutic antibiotics appear promising; however, more research is required before they can be considered viable commercial products. Consequently, a systems approach involving nutrition, bacteriology, immunology, pathology and herd management is needed to find a cost-effective and practical way to maximize the efficient production of high-quality pork without the use of subtherapeutic antibiotics. Key words: Pig, pork production, subtherapeutic antibiotics, alternatives

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Chicken Egg Antibodies for Prophylaxis and Therapy of Infectious Intestinal Diseases I. Immunization and Antibody Determination

Cited by 39 publications

References 24 publications

Studies on the Stability of Chicken IgY in Different Sugars, Complex Carbohydrates and Food Materials

Studies on the Stability of Chicken IgY in Different Sugars, Complex Carbohydrates and Food Materials

Characterization of chicken antisera raised against Aspergillus by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay

Subtherapeutic use of antibiotics in pork production: Risks and alternatives

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