Chia Seeds (Salvia hispanica L.): Can They Be Used as Ingredients in Making Sports Energy Gel?

Abstract

Dehydration during exercise has been shown to limit performance. This study aimed to determine the best hydrocolloid for producing sports energy gel from chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.). This study was a completed random-design study using one factor: the addition of 0.1% w/w hydrocolloids (SEG1: xanthan gum; SEG2: pectin; and SEG3: carboxymethyl cellulose). A sports energy gel was then analyzed for pH, viscosity, total soluble solids, potassium content, and gross energy. The sensory characteristics that were analyzed include color, texture, aroma, and flavor, using hedonic tests on 25 panelists. The addition of different hydrocolloids resulted in significant differences in pH, viscosity, total soluble solids, potassium, and energy contents (p = 0.026; 0.0001; 0.0001; and 0.0001). Differences in hydrocolloid types also led to differences in the panelists’ perceptions of the sports energy gels’ colors and textures (p = 0.008 and 0.0001). The best formulation was the sports energy gel with added xanthan gum, which showed the highest average energy, total soluble solids, potassium, and viscosity values, and the lowest average of pH values (60.24 ± 0.340, 10.6 ± 0.08, 19.6 ± 0.23, 367.4 ± 9.81, and 5.2 ± 0.38, respectively). The conclusion is that chia seeds can be used as the main ingredient for producing a high-energy sports gel. Energy has a huge impact on a person’s physical and mental health.

Determination of Physicochemical, Textural, and Sensory Properties of Date-Based Sports Energy Gel

“…The viscosity of the gels was also affected by the type and concentration of the gelling agent used in the gel production. The viscosities in the present study were found to be higher than in gels studied by Lestari, et al, (2021) [ 19 ] and are in the range of viscous liquids reported in Rao (1977) [ 20 ], as the authors used only 0.1% of xanthan gum compared to 0.5% of xanthan gum which was used in this new developed date-based sports energy gel.Based on the flow curve of the date-based sports energy gels presented in Figure 1 , it is shown that this newly developed sports energy gel behaves rheologically as a non-Newtonian fluid with shear thinning properties, where its viscosity decreases with increasing shear rate, leading to a perception of it being easy to swallow [ 21 ] which is a pertinent attribute for sports energy gels.…”

Which is more effective in increasing the forgiveness of verbal bullying victim’s students, cognitive behavioral counseling with reframing or group counseling with discussion?

“…Increasing forgiveness can also be influenced by cultural factors, both national culture and religious teachings (Fitriyah & Djazilan, 2020). Another research suggestion, teenagers who have excess energy to channel their energy to positive things such as sports (Lestari et al, 2021).…”