Chernozems, Buried Soils, and Loesses of the Russian Plain

Gerasimov, I. P.

doi:10.1097/00010694-197309000-00008

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…a few years at least). Of course, many indirect estimates have been made using various methods such as the analysis of loess deposits (Gerasimov, 1973;LoK hr & Brunnacker, 1974;Bronger et al, 1976;Valentine & Dalrymple, 1976;Bruins & Yaalon, 1979;PeH csi et al, 1979;Lautridou & Giresse, 1981;McTainsh, 1984;Pye, 1984;Mason, 1998), analysis of the dust content in oceanic-sediment cores (Kolla & Biscaye, 1977;Sirocko & Sarnthein, 1989;Rea, 1994) or in ice cores (Antarctic ice: Petit et al, 1990;Greenland ice: Dansgaard et al, 1989), or via the analysis of the dust content in natural traps, such as coarse desert alluvia (Gerson & Amit, 1987). All these estimates are, evidently, crude reconstructions (although the accumulation rates calculated by Gerson & Amit (1987) closely approximate the real accumulation rates, see Goossens, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten years of aeolian dust dynamics in a desert region (Negev desert, Israel): analysis of airborne dust concentration, dust accumulation and the high-magnitude dust events

Offer

2001

Journal of Arid Environments

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten years of aeolian dust dynamics in a desert region (Negev desert, Israel): analysis of airborne dust concentration, dust accumulation and the high-magnitude dust events

Offer

2001

Journal of Arid Environments

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“…The deposition of loess has therefore already been the subject of a great deal of research. The most important factors that influence the sedimentation of loess are said to be: air velocity (Neumeister, 1965;Mucher, 1973), air turbulence (Pye, 1984;Mucher, 1986), precipitation (Chamberlain, 1967;Bruins and Yaalon, 1979), vegetation (Budel, 1951;Brunnacker, 1980;Gerasimov, 1973;Catt, 1978;Weise, 1983;Pye, 1984), ground moisture (Cegla, 1969(Cegla, , 1972, surface permeability (Mucher, 1986) and topography (Tavernier, 1954;Lewis, 1960;Louis, 1960;Vanmaercke-Gottigny, 1981;Bouten et al, 1985;Mucher, 1986). Most of these studies are descriptive and do not approach the problem theoretically or experimentally (the works of Cegla, 1972 andChamberlain, 1967 are exceptions).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scale model simulations of the deposition of loess in Hilly Terrain

Goossens

1988

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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The sedimentation of loess in a 40 km2 area on the northern border of the Belgian loess belt, is investigated by means of wind tunnel experiments. Loess deposition is simulated on a relief scale model for different wind directions. It appears that simulation with northeast winds produces a loess deposition pattern that coincides closely to the field pattern, which may be an indication that the loess-bearing winds at the end of the Weichselian came from the northeast.Loess deposition occurs preferably on windward slopes and not on leeward ones. The wind-shadow concept, which is important in the case of sand deposition, may therefore not necessarily apply to fine materials such as fine silt and clay.

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“…On the contrary, below a critical velocity which depends on the roughness of the surface but is usually situated above the deflation threshold, the net-sedimentation of dust increases with increasing wind speed (Goossens, 1987;Goossens, 1988a). Dust storm simulations in the wind tunnel (Goossens, 1987) and field observations (Cegla, 1969) have also indicated that vegetation must not be considered as indispensable in obtaining an important dust deposition, as is suggested by numerous authors (De Vries, 1948;Tesch, 1949;Biidel, 1951;Gerasimov, 1973;Yaalon & Dan, 1974;Catt, 1978;Brunnacker, 1980;Pye, 1984). The main reason why these classical concepts persist in the literature must be the lack of detailed studies focusing on the general physics of the phenomenon of dust deposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Maximum diameter of the modelled area (experimental field +its surroundings) was 3.4 km. Coriolis effects (expressed in the Rossby number) may therefore be neglected, as these only become important (in scale-model simulations) when areas with diameters of more than approximately 15 km are modelled (Cermak, 1970;Gokhan, 1973).…”

Section: The Scale Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A wind tunnel simulation and field verification of desert dust deposition (Avdat Experimental Station, Negev Desert)

Goossens¹,

Offer

1990

Sedimentology

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The deposition of natural dust in an area of 53 ha, situated in the northern Negev desert, is investigated in detail both in the wind tunnel (dust storm simulations over a topographic scale model) and in the field. The wind tunnel results and the field results show a high degree of agreement, indicating that scale‐model simulation may be considered an important technique for future loess and desert research. More dust settles on windward slopes than on leeward slopes, which is in contradistinction with the widespread wind shadow concept. Air‐flow separation zones immediately downwind of steep windward slopes have an important impact on dust deposition too. In the case of dust deposition on topographic scale models, a restricted height distortion of the model will not necessarily lead to serious problems. In addition, wind tunnel blockage percentages up to 13% may be allowed in order to obtain acceptable dust deposition patterns for the scale model. A mean gross dust deposition of about 200–250 g m−2 year−1 is calculated for the northern Negev desert for 1987. Thus, if the settled dust can be protected against erosion in the cultivated areas in the Negev, the dust content of the top soil will markedly increase with time. However, it has to be borne in mind that cultivation activities themselves may also contribute to a higher soil erosion and, hence, to a higher dust content in the atmosphere. At any rate, a higher dust content in the top soil will unquestionably have an important positive effect on agricultural yields. From the air dust concentration data and the dust deposition data, a deposition velocity of 4.7cms−1 can be calculated for Avdat dust.

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Chernozems, Buried Soils, and Loesses of the Russian Plain

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Ten years of aeolian dust dynamics in a desert region (Negev desert, Israel): analysis of airborne dust concentration, dust accumulation and the high-magnitude dust events

Ten years of aeolian dust dynamics in a desert region (Negev desert, Israel): analysis of airborne dust concentration, dust accumulation and the high-magnitude dust events

Scale model simulations of the deposition of loess in Hilly Terrain

A wind tunnel simulation and field verification of desert dust deposition (Avdat Experimental Station, Negev Desert)

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