A wind tunnel simulation and field verification of desert dust deposition (Avdat Experimental Station, Negev Desert)

Goossens, Dirk; Offer, Zvi Yehoshua

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3091.1990.tb01980.x

Cited by 42 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Vertical distortion was necessary to retain some small topographic incisions in the central part of the area. Tests by Goossens and Offer (1990 and Offer and Goossens (1994) showed that a small vertical distortion will not lead to serious problems in the type of simulations described in this paper.…”

Section: The Experimental Fieldmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…It is more or less ellipsoidal in shape, and has an area of about 53 ha. A detailed description of the climatological and geomorphological characteristics of the test field is provided by Goossens and Offer (1990); the major aspects are summarized below.…”

Section: The Experimental Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further technical details of the wind tunnel and the dust cloud producer can be found in a description by Goossens and Offer (1988). The scale model used is described in detail in Goossens and Offer (1990). It was constructed from polystyrene plates 1Á86 mm thick, which were cut along contour lines copied from the topographical map of the study area.…”

Section: The Experimental Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of topography on aeolian dust deposition has been investigated in detail in wind tunnels (Goossens, 1988a(Goossens, , 1988b(Goossens, , 1989(Goossens, , 1996a(Goossens, , 1997Goossens and Offer, 1990;Offer and Goossens, 1995) and in field experiments (Goossens, 1988c;Offer, 1990, 1993;Offer and Goossens, 1995). The effect of topography on aeolian dust erosion has also been investigated (Offer and Goossens, 1994;Goossens and Offer, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Although most studies on dust accumulation correctly point to the significance of accumulation for soil formation, they remain merely descriptive in their approach or provide only crude estimates of the accumulation rates. Many data published were obtained using specially designed deposition traps (see examples in Goossens and Offer, 1990;Pye, 1992;Reheis and Kihl, 1995;Littmann, 1997;Reheis, 1997). These can reveal the spatial or temporal variations in the dust deposition (and/or accumulation) patterns, but do not sufficiently simulate the natural structure of a rocky desert surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Dry aeolian dust accumulation in rocky deserts: �a medium-term field experiment based on short-term wind tunnel simulations

Goossens

2000

Earth Surf. Process. Landforms

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The spatial pattern of medium-term (a few months) dry aeolian dust accumulation in rocky deserts is predicted using shortterm deposition and erosion experiments in a wind tunnel. The predictions are tested in a field experiment set up in the northern Negev Desert of Israel. The results show that superimposing wind tunnel deposition and erosion maps usually leads to correct predictions of medium-term dust accumulation. The predictions are somewhat less confident near the inflection lines of windward hillslopes, where small-scale irregularities in the local topography make it difficult to locate the exact position of the areas of little accumulation. Elsewhere in the topography predictions are good, and the method works satisfactorily.Highest accumulation occurs on concave windward slopes and, to a lesser extent, on slopes parallel to the wind. Little accumulation occurs on the convex windward slopes and in dust separation bubbles. The smallest accumulation rates are observed immediately upwind of the top of pronounced hills and on leeslopes.The rate of dry dust accumulation measured during the field experiment varied from 17 to 93 g m À2 a À1 , depending on the topographic position of the accumulation plots. For most plots, it was of the order of 30±60 g m À2 a À1 .

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Section: The Experimental Fieldmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: The Experimental Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Experimental Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Dry aeolian dust accumulation in rocky deserts: �a medium-term field experiment based on short-term wind tunnel simulations

Goossens

2000

Earth Surf. Process. Landforms

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Wind Tunnel Experiments of Aeolian Dust Deposition Along Ranges of Hills

GOOSSENS

1996

Earth Surf. Process. Landforms

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Wind tunnel experiments of aeolian dust deposition on topographic scale models of ranges of hills were conducted. Different hill sizes and hill spacings were used, and comparisons with the deposition patterns over single, isolated hills were made. Dust profiles over ranges of hills differ from the profiles over identical, but isolated hills. On isolated hills the sedimentation maximum on the windward hillslope is always single and located on the concave part of the slope. In the case of ranges of hills, the maximum is either single or double, with the second peak on the convex part of the windward slope in the latter case. The local sedimentation maximum on the convex leeslope, which is rather unimportant on isolated hills, is much more developed in multiple-hill topography. Also, dust deposition on the leeslopes is significantly higher in multiplehill topography than on isolated hills.Dust patterns on ranges of hills may be affected by the dust shadow created by the most upstream-located hill. If hills succeed each other quickly, they are located within the shadow zone and are protected from important dust deposition.The plume of high air dust concentration that is created by a hill largely determines the dust pattern on the next hill. As a result of the supply of dust from above by the descending plume, areas that are normally devoid of dust now experience significant dust deposition.

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Aeolian deposition of dust over hills: the effect of dust grain size on the deposition pattern

Goossens

2005

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Wind tunnel experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of topography on the grain size characteristics of aeolian dust deposits. Experiments were performed on three isolated hills having various size and aspect ratios. The longitudinal profile of the median grain diameter was investigated for each hill. The longitudinal dust deposition profile was also studied for nine grain size classes of between 10 and 104 µ µ µ µ µm, as were wind and dust concentration profiles in the atmosphere upwind of, over and downwind of a hill. The wind tunnel experiments show that the grain size characteristics of aeolian dust deposits are affected by topography. Most apparent is the occurrence of a zone of reduced grain size on the leeside of hills, which extends from just upwind of the summit to a distance of several times the height of the hill. Slightly coarser than normal dust is deposited on the concave windward hill slope and in a zone downwind of the area of reduced grain size, but the increase in grain size in these zones remains very small. Although the normalized dust deposition profile for a hill does not vary substantially as a function of grain size, systematic trends are observed. The most important tendencies are: (1) a progressive extension, in the downwind direction, of a zone of decreased dust deposition on the leeside of a hill (the coarser the grains, the further downwind the zone of reduced deposition extends); (2) a progressive increase in dust deposition immediately upwind of a hill (the finer the grains, the higher the deposition value upwind of a hill becomes). Both tendencies are explained by the difference in inertia of the grains, which is controlled by grain size.

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A wind tunnel simulation and field verification of desert dust deposition (Avdat Experimental Station, Negev Desert)

Cited by 42 publications

References 27 publications

Dry aeolian dust accumulation in rocky deserts: �a medium-term field experiment based on short-term wind tunnel simulations

Dry aeolian dust accumulation in rocky deserts: �a medium-term field experiment based on short-term wind tunnel simulations

Wind Tunnel Experiments of Aeolian Dust Deposition Along Ranges of Hills

Aeolian deposition of dust over hills: the effect of dust grain size on the deposition pattern

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