Chemotherapy-Induced Intestinal Microbiota Dysbiosis Impairs Mucosal Homeostasis by Modulating Toll-like Receptor Signaling Pathways

Wei, Liwen; Wen, Xiaopeng; Chen, Xian

doi:10.3390/ijms22179474

Cited by 54 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…It is worth noting that the majority of patients in our study (42/49) received chemotherapy concurrent with radiotherapy. Previous studies found that chemotherapy-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis can impair mucosal homeostasis ( van Vliet et al, 2010 ; Wei et al, 2021 ). However, we found no significant difference in the alpha diversity indexes (Shannon and Chao1) of gut microbiota in the mid-treatment samples of patients who received chemoradiotherapy relative to those who received radiotherapy alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota Characteristics Are Associated With Severity of Acute Radiation-Induced Esophagitis

Lin

Yang

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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BackgroundAcute radiation-induced esophagitis (ARIE) is one of the most debilitating complications in patients who receive thoracic radiotherapy, especially those with esophageal cancer (EC). There is little known about the impact of the characteristics of gut microbiota on the initiation and severity of ARIE.Materials and MethodsGut microbiota samples of EC patients undergoing radiotherapy (n = 7) or concurrent chemoradiotherapy (n = 42) were collected at the start, middle, and end of the radiotherapy regimen. Assessment of patient-reported ARIE was also performed. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, changes of the gut microbial community during the treatment regimen and correlations of the gut microbiota characteristics with the severity of ARIE were investigated.ResultsThere were significant associations of several properties of the gut microbiota with the severity of ARIE. The relative abundance of several genera in the phylum Proteobacteria increased significantly as mucositis severity increased. The predominant genera had characteristic changes during the treatment regimen, such as an increase of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria including Streptococcus. Patients with severe ARIE had significantly lower alpha diversity and a higher abundance of Fusobacterium before radiotherapy, but patients with mild ARIE were enriched in Klebsiella, Roseburia, Veillonella, Prevotella_9, Megasphaera, and Ruminococcus_2. A model combining these genera had the best performance in prediction of severe ARIE (area under the curve: 0.907).ConclusionThe characteristics of gut microbiota before radiotherapy were associated with subsequent ARIE severity. Microbiota-based strategies have potential use for the early prediction of subsequent ARIE and for the selection of interventions that may prevent severe ARIE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota Characteristics Are Associated With Severity of Acute Radiation-Induced Esophagitis

Lin

Yang

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Hb. Dendrobii can modulate macrophage activity via the NF-kB pathway and has been shown to act as an immune modulator to regulate gastrointestinal mucosal barrier function [ 26 , 27 ]. Rx.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive effect and safety of Chinese herbal medicine for oral mucositis during radiotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer: Study protocol for a randomized trial

Cheng

Wang

Lin

et al. 2022

Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications

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“…Not unlike E. coli, Clostridium perfringens interact with occludin to result in its redistribution and removal from the TJs [85]. Chemotherapy also decreases the microbial diversity of the intestinal microbiota [86,87], including producers of SCFAs like butyrate. Butyrate, in particular, is not only needed for enterocyte health and TJ development but also has strong anti-inflammatory effects that reduce intestinal injury and maintain the mucus layer [88][89][90][91].…”

Section: Chemotherapy-induced Disruption Of the Intestinal Barriermentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal barrier functions in hematologic and oncologic diseases

et al. 2023

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The intestinal barrier is a complex structure that not only regulates the influx of luminal contents into the systemic circulation but is also involved in immune, microbial, and metabolic homeostasis. Evidence implicating disruption in intestinal barrier functions in the development of many systemic diseases, ranging from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis to autism, or systemic complications of intestinal disorders has increased rapidly in recent years, raising the possibility of the intestinal barrier as a potential target for therapeutic intervention to alter the course and mitigate the complications associated with these diseases. In addition to the disease process being associated with a breach in the intestinal barrier functions, patients with hematologic and oncologic diseases are particularly at high risks for the development of increased intestinal permeability, due to the frequent use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and chemoradiation. They also face a distinct challenge of being intermittently severely neutropenic due to treatment of the underlying conditions. In this review, we will discuss how hematologic and oncologic diseases are associated with disruption in the intestinal barrier and highlight the complications associated with an increase in the intestinal permeability. We will explore methods to modulate the complication. To provide a background for our discussion, we will first examine the structure and appraise the methods of evaluation of the intestinal barrier.

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Chemotherapy-Induced Intestinal Microbiota Dysbiosis Impairs Mucosal Homeostasis by Modulating Toll-like Receptor Signaling Pathways

Cited by 54 publications

References 109 publications

Gut Microbiota Characteristics Are Associated With Severity of Acute Radiation-Induced Esophagitis

Gut Microbiota Characteristics Are Associated With Severity of Acute Radiation-Induced Esophagitis

Preventive effect and safety of Chinese herbal medicine for oral mucositis during radiotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer: Study protocol for a randomized trial

Intestinal barrier functions in hematologic and oncologic diseases

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