Chemotaxonomic Study of Citrus, Poncirus and Fortunella Genotypes Based on Peel Oil Volatile Compounds - Deciphering the Genetic Origin of Mangshanyegan (Citrus nobilis Lauriro)

Abstract

Volatile profiles yielded from gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis provide abundant information not only for metabolism-related research, but also for chemotaxonomy. To study the chemotaxonomy of Mangshanyegan, its volatile profiles of fruit and leaf and those of 29 other genotypes of Citrus, Poncirus, and Fortunella were subjected to phylogenetic analyses. Results showed that 145 identified (including 64 tentatively identified) and 15 unidentified volatile compounds were detected from their peel oils. The phylogenetic analysis of peel oils based on hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) demonstrated a good agreement with the Swingle taxonomy system, in which the three genera of Citrus, Poncirus, and Fortunella were almost completely separated. As to Citrus, HCA indicated that Citrophorum, Cephalocitrus, and Sinocitrus fell into three subgroups, respectively. Also, it revealed that Mangshanyegan contain volatile compounds similar to those from pummelo, though it is genetically believed to be a mandarin. These results were further supported by the principal component analysis of the peel oils and the HCA results of volatile profiles of leaves in the study.

Chemotaxonomy of Indonesian <i>Citrus maxima</i> based on Leaf Essential Oils

“…Quantitaive analysis of various compound groups indicated that monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were dominant. This result was similar to the composition of essential oils from Citrus nobilis, in which monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were dominant (Liu et al, 2013). Similar report was found on the essential oils of Citrus limetta, with sesquiterpenes being the most abundant compared to other compounds (Colecio-Juárez et al, 2012).…”

Sensory evaluation and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) analysis of the volatile extracts of pummelo (Citrus maxima) peel

“…Cluster analysis was used to classify the volatile chemicals through the cosine correlation analysis method on the basis of the concentrations of the volatile chemicals, which was conducted by the software IBM‐SPSS 19.0. The same statistical software was used for the significance test and principal component analysis (PCA) of odour characteristics according to previous methods . One‐way analysis was performed by anova and Duncan's multiple range test to show the significant statistical differences…”

Comparative analysis of juice volatiles in selected mandarins, mandarin relatives and other citrus genotypes

“…Over 300 aroma volatiles have been reported for fresh orange juice . Several studies have been performed on aroma volatiles in mandarin peel oil and essence, as well as in fresh fruits, although most of them have studied only one or a few genotypes. Tietel et al .…”

“…Over 300 aroma volatiles have been reported for fresh orange juice. 5 Several studies have been performed on aroma volatiles in mandarin peel oil and essence, [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] as well as in fresh fruits, [13][14][15][16][17][18] although most of them have studied only one or a few genotypes. Tietel et al 4 summarized 37 consensus aroma volatiles in mandarin juice and nine of them were considered to be mandarin core aroma volatiles.…”