Chemoreception in Insects and the Action of DDT

Smyth, Thomas; Roys, Chester C.

doi:10.2307/1538398

Cited by 34 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…Similarly, DDT caused abnormal bursts of spikes from pheromone-sensitive neurons of the silk moth Antheraea polyphemus after the neurons were stimulated with sex pheromone (39). DDT-poisoned Musca domestica and Phormia regina extended their mouthparts as if they were more sensitive to sucrose solutions than untreated flies (82). This increased responsiveness was probably correlated with the higher frequency of sensory nerve impulses from the tarsal sensilla that respond to sucrose.…”

Section: Ddtmentioning

confidence: 95%

Sublethal Effects of Neurotoxic Insecticides on Insect Behavior

Haynes

1988

Annu. Rev. Entomol.

444

271

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PERSPECTIVES AND OVERVIEWThe behavior of insects, and all animals, is governed by interactions among neurons within their nervous systems. Insecticides have been selected and sometimes designed for their remarkable ability to kill insects. Most attack specific sites within the insect's nervous system (59, 63; see section on modes and sites of action). Therefore it is not surprising that insecticides at levels that do not lead to mortality can influence behavior. However, there have been few detailed studies concerning the potential behavioral effects of sublethal doses of insecticides.Studies of the behavioral effects of neurotoxic ants are important for several reasons (89). First, detailed observations of the behavioral symptoms of poisoned insects will help to elucidate the modes of action of both novel and conventional insecticides. Second, it is clear that almost all insecticides interfere with the normally well-orchestrated behavioral patterns of pest insects and thus might contribute to management of their populations. An important related point is that beneficial insects may be adversely affected by these compounds in a way that is overlooked by current screening procedures.Lastly, selection may favor those insects that respond to insecticides in the environment by minimizing their contact with the toxic material; thus the potential for evolution of behavioral resistance to insecticides is another important consideration.Insecticides are the cornerstones upon which pest management practices are based, and are likely to remain so as long as effective and inexpensive chemicals are available. However, many insect-pest management techniques

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Section: Ddtmentioning

confidence: 95%

Sublethal Effects of Neurotoxic Insecticides on Insect Behavior

Haynes

1988

Annu. Rev. Entomol.

444

271

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“…Excito-repellency results from insect’s physical contact with chemicals on treated surfaces or with vapour particles at a distance [8,9]. It has been demonstrated that volatile DDT can induce neural excitement in insects [10] and importantly, it was observed that insects exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of DDT move towards the light explaining why mosquitoes are likely to quickly leave a sprayed dwelling [11]. Excito-repellency was also originally seen as a beneficial feature of pyrethroid treated bednets to reduce the probability of mosquitoes developing resistance to insecticides through lower contact with insecticides [12].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of mosquito coils and passive emanators: defining recommendations for spatial repellency testing methodologies

2012

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Mosquito coils, vaporizer mats and emanators confer protection against mosquito bites through the spatial action of emanated vapor or airborne pyrethroid particles. These products dominate the pest control market; therefore, it is vital to characterize mosquito responses elicited by the chemical actives and their potential for disease prevention. The aim of this review was to determine effects of mosquito coils and emanators on mosquito responses that reduce human-vector contact and to propose scientific consensus on terminologies and methodologies used for evaluation of product formats that could contain spatial chemical actives, including indoor residual spraying (IRS), long lasting insecticide treated nets (LLINs) and insecticide treated materials (ITMs). PubMed, (National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), U.S. National Library of Medicine, NIH), MEDLINE, LILAC, Cochrane library, IBECS and Armed Forces Pest Management Board Literature Retrieval System search engines were used to identify studies of pyrethroid based coils and emanators with key-words “Mosquito coils” “Mosquito emanators” and “Spatial repellents”. It was concluded that there is need to improve statistical reporting of studies, and reach consensus in the methodologies and terminologies used through standardized testing guidelines. Despite differing evaluation methodologies, data showed that coils and emanators induce mortality, deterrence, repellency as well as reduce the ability of mosquitoes to feed on humans. Available data on efficacy outdoors, dose–response relationships and effective distance of coils and emanators is inadequate for developing a target product profile (TPP), which will be required for such chemicals before optimized implementation can occur for maximum benefits in disease control.

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“…Indication of the involvement of neurotoxic effects is a non-directional behavioral response, which makes the effects of bifenthrin and pyrethroids similar to those of locomotory stimulants. 11,32,33 These chemicals have no apparent effects on chemoreceptors themselves, but they exaggerate the afferent response to chemical and mechanoreceptory stimuli, 34,35 and make insects more sensitive to those stimuli. Acephate (FP) caused behavioral effects similar to the effects caused by bifenthrin (FP).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral responses of pest mole crickets, Neoscapteriscus spp. (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae), to selected insecticides

Kostromytska

Scharf²,

Buss

2017

Pest Management Science

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Tested insecticides elicited two types of behavioral changes in Neoscapteriscus mole crickets: increased locomotory activity and tunneling [acephate (organophosphate) and bifenthrin (pyrethroid)] and reduced spatial movement [fipronil (phenylpyrazole) and imidacloprid (neonicotinoid)]. These behavioral responses resulted mainly from contact chemoreception and inherent neurotoxicity of the chemicals on Neoscapteriscus mole crickets. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Chemoreception in Insects and the Action of DDT

Cited by 34 publications

References 6 publications

Sublethal Effects of Neurotoxic Insecticides on Insect Behavior

Sublethal Effects of Neurotoxic Insecticides on Insect Behavior

A systematic review of mosquito coils and passive emanators: defining recommendations for spatial repellency testing methodologies

Behavioral responses of pest mole crickets, Neoscapteriscus spp. (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae), to selected insecticides

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