Chemoprevention of prostate cancer in men with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN): a systematic review and adjusted indirect treatment comparison

Cui, Kang; Li, Xiangnan; Du, Yabing; Tang, Xiance; Arai, Seiji; Geng, Yiwei; Xi, Ying; Han, Xu; Zhou, Yue; Ma, Wei; Zhang, Tengfei

doi:10.18632/oncotarget.16230

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Recent systematic reviews suggest a possible role for green tea in prostate cancer prevention for HGPIN (14,39,40) but evidence is conflicting for overall prostate cancer incidence (41). Polyphenols were detected in prostate tissue of men with prostate cancer who had consumed green tea (but not black tea or water) prior to radical prostatectomy (42) and showed systemic antioxidant effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ProDiet: A Phase II Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial of Green Tea Catechins and Lycopene in Men at Increased Risk of Prostate Cancer

Lane

Avery

et al. 2018

Cancer Prevention Research

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Epidemiologic studies suggest that diet can alter prostate cancer risk. This study aimed to establish the feasibility and acceptability of dietary modification in men at increased risk of prostate cancer. Men were invited with a PSA level of 2.0-2.95 ng/mL or 3.0-19.95 ng/mL with negative prostate biopsies. Randomization (3 Â 3 factorial design) to daily green tea and lycopene: green tea drink (3 cups, unblinded) or capsules [blinded, 600 mg flavan-3-ol ()-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) or placebo] and lycopene-rich foods (unblinded) or capsules (blinded, 15 mg lycopene or placebo) for 6 months. Primary endpoints were randomization rates and intervention adherence (blinded assessment of metabolites) at 6 months with secondary endpoints of acceptability (from interviews), safety, weight, blood pressure, and PSA. A total of 133 of 469 (28.4%) men approached agreed to be randomized and 132 were followed-up (99.2%). Mean lycopene was 1.28 [95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.09-1.50, P ¼ 0.003] times higher in the lycopene capsule group and 1.42 (95% CI, 1.21-1.66; P < 0.001) times higher in the lycopene-enriched diet group compared with placebo capsules. Median EGCG was 10.7 nmol/L (95% CI, 7.0-32.0) higher in in the active capsule group and 20.0 nmol/L (95% CI, 0.0-19.0) higher in the green tea drink group compared with placebo capsules (both P < 0.001). All interventions were acceptable and well tolerated although men preferred the capsules. Dietary prevention is acceptable to men at risk of prostate cancer. This intervention trial demonstrates that a chemoprevention clinical trial is feasible.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ProDiet: A Phase II Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial of Green Tea Catechins and Lycopene in Men at Increased Risk of Prostate Cancer

Lane

Avery

et al. 2018

Cancer Prevention Research

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“…A pooled analysis of 21 studies (104) has shown that total consumption of tea (both green and black) was significantly associated with reduced prostate cancer risk (OR=0. 84 (95). Furthermore, a recent meta-analysis has reported that green tea catechins had a significant protective effect against prostate cancer (RR=0.38 (95%CI=0.16-0.86, p=0.02), particularly in patients with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia disease or atypical small acinar proliferation (105).…”

Section: Epigallocatechin Gallate (Egcg)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemoprevention of Prostate Cancer by Natural Agents: Evidence from Molecular and Epidemiological Studies

2019

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Background/Aim: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men which remains a global public health issue. Treatment of prostate cancer is becoming increasingly intensive and aggressive, with a corresponding increase in resistance, toxicity and side effects. This has revived an interest in nontoxic and cost-effective preventive strategies including dietary compounds due to the multiple effects they have been shown to have in various oncogenic signalling pathways, with relatively few significant adverse effects. Materials and Methods: To identify such dietary components and micronutrients and define their prostate cancer-specific actions, we systematically reviewed the current literature for the pertinent mechanisms of action and effects on the modulation of prostate carcinogenesis, along with relevant updates from epidemiological and clinical studies. Results: Evidence from various recent experimental, clinical and epidemiological studies indicates that select dietary micronutrients (i.e., lycopene, epigallocatechin gallate, sulforaphane, indole-3-carbinol, resveratrol, quercetin, curcumin & piperine) and zinc play a key role in prostate cancer prevention and progression and therefore hold great promise for the future overall management of prostate cancer. Conclusion: A formulation that comprises these micronutrients using the optimal, safest form and dosing should be investigated in future prostate cancer chemoprevention studies and as part of standard prostate cancer therapy.

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“…Finally, tertiary chemoprevention prevents the recurrence of cancer. The validity of this approach has been successfully demonstrated in the breast, prostate, and colon cancer [ 15 – 17 ]. Thus, a chemopreventive strategy for the control of OvCa is a realistic option, especially for those at high risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chemoprevention of Ovarian Cancer: the Need and the Options

2018

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Purpose of ReviewOvarian cancer (OvCa) is the most lethal of all gynecological cancers, with a 5-year survival around 46%, mainly due to limitations in early diagnosis and treatment. Consequently, the chemoprevention of OvCa emerges as an important option to control this dismal disease. Here, we discuss the role of risk assessment in the design of chemoprevention strategies for OvCa, describe candidate agents, and assess future directions in this field.Recent FindingsOvCa chemoprevention represents an opportunity for all women, especially those at high risk such as carriers of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. The use of oral contraceptives confers substantial protection against OvCa including women at high risk, which increases with longer use. Despite strong evidence for their efficacy, safety concerns and the magnitude of the requisite interventional clinical trials seem to have precluded definitive studies of oral contraceptives for this application. Several other classes of drugs, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, retinoids, angiopreventive agents, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors have shown promise for OvCa chemoprevention.SummaryCurrently, no agent is proven by interventional trials to possess chemopreventive properties against OvCa. The key opportunities in the chemoprevention of OvCa include the development of surrogate biomarkers for OvCa, the molecular definition of OvCa risk that will help select those who may benefit the most from chemoprevention, the identification of additional agents likely driven by understanding the molecular pathogenesis of OvCa, and the development of dedicated resources and support mechanisms for OvCa. Overall, there is significant optimism for the future of OvCa chemoprevention.

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Chemoprevention of prostate cancer in men with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN): a systematic review and adjusted indirect treatment comparison

Cited by 24 publications

References 50 publications

ProDiet: A Phase II Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial of Green Tea Catechins and Lycopene in Men at Increased Risk of Prostate Cancer

ProDiet: A Phase II Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial of Green Tea Catechins and Lycopene in Men at Increased Risk of Prostate Cancer

Chemoprevention of Prostate Cancer by Natural Agents: Evidence from Molecular and Epidemiological Studies

The Chemoprevention of Ovarian Cancer: the Need and the Options

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