Chemokines and Their Receptors in the Central Nervous System

Bajetto, Adriana; Bonavia, Rudy; Barbero, Simone; Florio, Tullio; Schettini, Gennaro

doi:10.1006/frne.2001.0214

Cited by 355 publications

(262 citation statements)

References 213 publications

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Section: Chemoattractant Effects Of Chemokines On Neural Progenitor Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, Van Gassen et al (2005) demonstrated that cerebellar Purkinje neurons expressed both CCR2 and its ligand, the chemokine MCP-1. Additionally, a number of reports from the human neuropathology literature suggest the expression of a number of chemokine receptors by neurons throughout the human brain in the context of diseases such as Alzheimer's, stroke, and HIV-1 infection (Bajetto et al, 2001(Bajetto et al, , 2002Kolson, 2002).Our intention in this study was to demonstrate that neural progenitor cells were among the cell populations that expressed chemokine receptors in vivo. Several studies have defined the properties of neural stem cells in the DG, which continue to provide new granule cells throughout life (Kempermann et al, 2004;Emsley et al, 2005).…”

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confidence: 94%

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Chemokine receptor expression by neural progenitor cells in neurogenic regions of mouse brain

Tran

Banisadr

Ren

et al. 2006

J of Comparative Neurology

219

228

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We previously demonstrated that chemokine receptors are expressed by neural progenitors grown as cultured neurospheres. To examine the significance of these findings for neural progenitor function in vivo, we investigated whether chemokine receptors were expressed by cells having the characteristics of neural progenitors in neurogenic regions of the postnatal brain. Using in situ hybridization we demonstrated the expression of CCR1, CCR2, CCR5, CXCR3, and CXCR4 chemokine receptors by cells in the dentate gyrus (DG), subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle, and olfactory bulb. The pattern of expression for all of these receptors was similar, including regions where neural progenitors normally reside. In addition, we attempted to colocalize chemokine receptors with markers for neural progenitors. In order to do this we used nestin-EGFP and TLXLacZ transgenic mice, as well as labeling for Ki67, a marker for dividing cells. In all three areas of the brain we demonstrated colocalization of chemokine receptors with these three markers in populations of cells. Expression of chemokine receptors by neural progenitors was further confirmed using CXCR4-EGFP BAC transgenic mice. Expression of CXCR4 in the DG included cells that expressed nestin and GFAP as well as cells that appeared to be immature granule neurons expressing PSA-NCAM, calretinin, and Prox-1. CXCR4-expressing cells in the DG were found in close proximity to immature granule neurons that expressed the chemokine SDF-1/CXCL12. Cells expressing CXCR4 frequently coexpressed CCR2 receptors. These data support the hypothesis that chemokine receptors are important in regulating the migration of progenitor cells in postnatal brain. Indexing terms stem cells; development; chemotaxis; brain repairDuring embryogenesis, neural stem/progenitor cells must migrate long distances from the germinal epithelia where they are born to their final destinations (Hatten, 1999;Alvarez-Buylla et al., 2001). During migration, stem cells may continue to divide and also become restricted in terms of their ultimate phenotypes. Thus, the timing of neuro-and gliogenesis in the developing embryo is precisely controlled (Rallu et al., 2002). The factors that determine the migration, proliferation, and differentiation of embryonic stem cells have been widely investigated and numerous factors have been shown to influence these processes (Lindvall et al., 2004). One group of molecules that has recently been shown to control progenitor cell migration in the nervous system are the chemokines (CHEMO-tactic cytoKINES) (Tran and © NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript Miller, 2003). The chemokines are a family of small secreted proteins that are known to be important regulators of leukocyte trafficking under both normal conditions and during inflammatory responses (Moser et al., 2004). Furthermore, it is now known that chemokine signaling has an important role to play in the developing embryo. Deletion of the genes for the CXCR4 chemokine receptor or f...

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Section: Chemoattractant Effects Of Chemokines On Neural Progenitor Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Chemokine receptor expression by neural progenitor cells in neurogenic regions of mouse brain

Tran

Banisadr

Ren

et al. 2006

J of Comparative Neurology

219

228

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“…Chemokines and chemokine receptors are constitutively expressed by microglial cells, astrocytes, and neurons and play crucial roles in central nervous system (CNS) from development to neoplastic process (Bajetto et al, 2001). Chemokines and their receptors are involved in many pathological processes including inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumor cell growth and dissemination (Bajetto et al, 2001;Bian et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemokines and their receptors are involved in many pathological processes including inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumor cell growth and dissemination (Bajetto et al, 2001;Bian et al, 2007). SDF-1 and its receptors, CXCR4 and CXCR7, are recognized as important prognostic factors in different types of brain tumors such as glioma and meningioma (Bian et al, 2007;Yang et al, 2007;Bajetto et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors in Brain Tumor Tissue Derived Cells

Razmkhah

Arabpour²,

Taghipour³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Chemokine and chemokine receptor expression by tumor cells contributes to tumor growth and angiogenesis and thus these factors may be considered as tumor markers. Here we aimed to characterize cells directly extracted from glioma, meningioma, and secondary brain tumors as well as non-tumoral cells in vitro. Cells were isolated from brain tissues using 0.2% collagenase and characterized by flow cytometry. Expression of SDF-1, CXCR4, CXCR7, RANTES, CCR5, MCP-1 and IP-10 was defined using flow cytometry and qRT-PCR methods. Brain tissue isolated cells were observed as spindle-shaped cell populations. No significant differences were observed for expression of SDF-1, CXCR4, CXCR7, RANTES, CCR5, and IP-10 transcripts. However, the expression of CXCR4 was approximately 13-fold and 110-fold higher than its counterpart, CXCR7, in meningioma and glioma cells, respectively. CXCR7 was not detectable in secondary tumors but CXCR4 was expressed. In non tumoral cells, CXCR7 had 1.3-fold higher mRNA expression than CXCR4. Flow cytometry analyses of RANTES, MCP-1, IP-10, CCR5 and CXCR4 expression showed no significant difference between low and high grade gliomas. Differential expression of CXCR4 and CXCR7 in brain tumors derived cells compared to non-tumoral samples may have crucial impacts on therapeutic interventions targeting the SDF-1/CXCR4/CXCR7 axis.

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“…It has been clearly shown that astrocytes do not have CD 4 receptors on their surface. The chemokine receptors involved in HIV infection are also not expressed; however, some authors suggest that CXCR4 can be expressed following the activation of astrocytes [42,[43][44][45][46].…”

Section: Potentially Hiv-infected Cns Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Immunodeficiency Virus and the Central Nervous System

Mirza

Rathore

2012

Seminars in Pediatric Neurology

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The pandemic of HIV/AIDS continues to grow daily. Incident cases among women, intravenous drug users and ethnic minorities comprise the fastest growing segment of the HIV-infected population, and the number of HIV-infected individuals over the age of 50 is growing rapidly. Today, the central nervous system and the immune system are seen as main targets of HIV infection. Significant progress in the knowledge and treatment of AIDS has been obtained in recent years. The neurological manifestations directly related to HIV are acute viral meningitis, chronic meningitis, HIV-associated dementia (HAD), vacuolar myelopathy, and involvement of the peripheral nervous system.

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Chemokines and Their Receptors in the Central Nervous System

Cited by 355 publications

References 213 publications

Chemokine receptor expression by neural progenitor cells in neurogenic regions of mouse brain

Chemokine receptor expression by neural progenitor cells in neurogenic regions of mouse brain

Expression of Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors in Brain Tumor Tissue Derived Cells

Human Immunodeficiency Virus and the Central Nervous System

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