Chemistry of the exocrine secretions of Hylaeus modestus (Hymenoptera: colletidae)

Duffield, R. M.; Fernandes, A.; McKay, Sindy; Wheeler, J. W.; Snelling, Roy R.

doi:10.1016/0305-0491(80)90287-4

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Carboxylic esters occur widely in natural products, − among which the n -alkanoic acid ethyl esters were reported to occur naturally from different sources. − These esters can be incorporated into sediments and then as the structural units connected to kerogens, which were reported sufficiently to survive diagenesis and can enter the maturity zone, where thermally induced reactions of organic compounds take place. , Under a slight increasing thermal stress, these esters decompose again by a concerted elimination reaction into alkenes and alkanoic acids, , and then these esters or alkenes belong to the first compounds released from kerogens. The n -alkanoic acid esters might follow the concerted reaction to decompose into n -alk-(1)-enes and alkanoic acids.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Biogenic-Related Compounds Occluded inside Asphaltene Aggregates

et al. 2008

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The occluded compounds inside asphaltene aggregates were released from 16 asphaltenes through mild degradation processes oxidized by the H2O2/CH3COOH system. Prior to the oxidation procedure, all of the n-C7 asphaltenes (n-heptane-insoluble asphaltenes) were subjected to Soxhlet extraction by acetone continuously for 240 h to rule out interferences from the adsorbed/co-precipitated compounds, which were likely introduced during the asphaltene preparation processes. Among these occluded compounds, a series of even-carbon-numbered n-alk-(1)-enes were detected from 13 asphaltenes, 22,29,30-trisnorhop-17(21)-ene and 17α-hop-20(21)-ene were simultaneously detected from 3 asphaltenes, and C23 tricyclic terp-12(13)-ene and C29 18α-30-norneohop-13(18)-ene were found co-existent in another 3 asphaltenes. From all 16 asphaltenes, a series of n-alkanoic acid ethyl esters were detected from the occluded compounds, which were generally dominated by the even-carbon-numbered n-alkanoic acids in the esters. The above-reported compounds occluded inside asphaltene aggregates are interpreted as hydrocarbon representatives of materials generated from kerogen at an early stage. These unusual compounds were not detected from the crude oil maltenes or from the acetone extracts of asphaltenes, except for some n-alkanoic acid ethyl esters that were observed in the acetone extracts of a few asphaltenes. The occurrence of a series of even-carbon-numbered n-alk-(1)-enes and some terpenes inside asphaltene aggregates indicated that the macromolecular structures of asphaltenes have protected these compounds from being influenced by the alteration processes in the oil reservoirs and enable them to survive over geological time. In consequence, the geochemical study of these occluded compounds should be very meaningful, especially for heavily altered oils, such as biodegraded oils, from which it is difficult to obtain useful geochemical information directly from the crude oil maltenes because the hydrocarbons have been heavily depleted.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Biogenic-Related Compounds Occluded inside Asphaltene Aggregates

et al. 2008

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“…She concluded that they were only superficially similar, because nest membranes of Hylaeus appeared to be constituted by silk (Batra, 1980: 521; see also Torchio, 1984). Duffield et al (1980) studied the Dufour's gland secretion of Hylaeus modestus Say and discovered the presence of macrocyclic lactones. Later, Espelie et al (1992) found that the nest cell lining of Hylaeus leptocephalus Morawitz consists of a mixture of a lipid polyester and silk protein.…”

Section: Brood Cell Liningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colletidae nesting biology (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)

Almeida

2008

Apidologie

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-Colletidae are unique among bees for certain aspects of their nesting biology. In this review, attributes of colletid nesting are evaluated and discussed in light of a novel phylogenetic hypothesis for the family. Some predictions made about evolution of certain traits, such as the cocoon-spinning behavior of Diphaglossinae, are confronted with phylogenetic evidence. The cellophane-like cell lining of Colletidae is a synapomorphy of this bee family, formed by polyester and characterized for being thick and strong, waterproof, and insoluble in different solvents. Historical developments towards the understanding of nature of the cell lining applied by colletids are summarized along with an account of diversity of some aspects of nesting of these bees.bee / nest / Colletidae / Stenotritidae / Dufour's gland

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“…Both citral and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one are relatively common exocrine products of hymenopterous insects. Citral is present in ants (Blum and Hermann, 1978, and relerences therein), stingless bees (Blum, 1966;Blum et al, 1970), honeybees (Shearer and Boch, 1966), solitary bees of the colletid genera Hylaeus (Blum and Bohart, 1972;BergstrOm and Tengo, 1973;Duffield et al, 1980), and…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A comparative study of the exocrine products of cleptoparasitic bees (Holcopasites) and their hosts (Calliopsis) (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae, Andrenidae)

et al. 1982

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The cephalic secretion of females of the cleptoparasitic beeHolcopasites calliopsidis contains two main volatiles, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one and geranyl acetone. The mandibular gland secretion of its host,Calliopsis andreniformis, on the other hand, contains the two isomeric forms of citral (neral and geranial). Neral and geranial are also produced by mandibular glands of two other species ofCalliopsis and one species in the related genusNomadopsis. The Dufour's gland ofC. andreniformis contains an oily secretion composed of hydrocarbons that are deposited on the brood cell walls and pollen balls providing a waterproof lining for both.

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Chemistry of the exocrine secretions of Hylaeus modestus (Hymenoptera: colletidae)

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

Some Biogenic-Related Compounds Occluded inside Asphaltene Aggregates

Some Biogenic-Related Compounds Occluded inside Asphaltene Aggregates

Colletidae nesting biology (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)

A comparative study of the exocrine products of cleptoparasitic bees (Holcopasites) and their hosts (Calliopsis) (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae, Andrenidae)

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