Chemistry of acrylamide bromination for trace analysis by gas chromatography and gas chromatography—mass spectrometry

Andrawes, Fikry F.; Greenhouse, S.; Draney, D.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(00)96129-6

Cited by 59 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The laboratory procedure derivatized the AMD with bromine to form 2,3‐dibromopropionamide. The derivative was then extracted with ethyl acetate and converted to the more stable 2‐bromopropenamide before gas chromatographic analysis, which used an electron‐capture detector (Andrawes et al, 1987). The analysis provided an AMD minimum detection limit of 0.5 μg L −1 The AMD recovery was 97% with a precision of ±0.21 μg L −1 for 1 μg L −1 AMD standards and ±0.75 μg L −1 for 10 μg L −1 AMD standards.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acrylamide Monomer Leaching from Polyacrylamide‐Treated Irrigation Furrows

Lentz

Andrawes²,

Barvenik³

et al. 2008

J of Env Quality

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Water-soluble anionic polyacrylamide (WSPAM), which is used to reduce erosion in furrow irrigated fi elds and other agriculture applications, contains less than 0.05% acrylamide monomer (AMD). Acrylamide monomer, a potent neurotoxicant and suspected carcinogen, is readily dissolved and transported in fl owing water. Th e study quantifi ed AMD leaching losses from a WSPAM-treated corn (Zea mays L.) fi eld using continuous extraction-walled percolation samplers buried at 1.2 m depth. Th e samplers were placed 30 and 150 m from the infl ow source along a 180-m-long corn fi eld. Th e fi eld was furrow irrigated using WSPAM at the rate of 10 mg L −1 during furrow advance. Percolation water and furrow infl ows were monitored for AMD during and after three furrow irrigations. Th e samples were analyzed for AMD using a gas chromatograph equipped with an electron-capture detector. Furrow infl ows contained an average AMD concentration of 5.5 μg L −1 . Th e AMD in percolation water samples never exceeded the minimum detection limit and the de facto potable water standard of 0.5 μg L −1 . Th e risk that ground water beneath these WSPAM-treated furrow irrigated soils will be contaminated with AMD appears minimal.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acrylamide Monomer Leaching from Polyacrylamide‐Treated Irrigation Furrows

Lentz

Andrawes²,

Barvenik³

et al. 2008

J of Env Quality

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“…In bromination of acrylamide, the product is 2,3-dibromopropionamide (2,3-DBPA), which is less polar compared to the original compound and is easily soluble in non-polar organic solvents like ethyl acetate and hexane. However, 2,3-DBPA was found unstable and could be converted to 2-bromopropenamide (2-BPA) on the inlet of GC or on the capillary column by dehydrobromination (25). Since the dehydrobromination might yield poor repeatability and accuracy, it was preferable to deliberately convert 2,3-DBPA to the stable 2-BPA prior to GC analysis.…”

Section: Brominationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reaction product is 2,3-dibromopropionamide (Equation 1), which is less polar compared with the original compound and is detected as the final analyte (13,14,16). However, 2,3-dibromopropionamide (2,3-DBPA) has been found unstable under certain conditions and can be converted to the more stable derivative 2-bromopropenamide (Equation 2) on the inlet of GC or on the capillary column by dehydrobromination (25), which may yield poor repeatability and accuracy. Some researchers prefer to deliberately convert 2,3-DBPA to 2-bromopropenamide (2-BPA) by adding 10% of triethylamine to the final extract before injection (15,23,24 No matter whether 2,3-DBPA or 2-BPA is the target analyte, the advantage of acrylamide bromination is that a relative more volatile compound is produced, which improves GC characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Acrylamide in Starch-Based Foods by HPLC with Pre-Column Ultraviolet Derivatization

Zhong

Wang

Liu

2011

Journal of Chromatographic Science

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A new method is developed for the determination of acrylamide in starch-based foods. The method included the extraction of acrylamide with water, defatting with hexane, derivatization with potassium bromate (KBrO(3)) and potassium bromide (KBr), liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate-hexane (4:1), and concentration. The final analyte (2-bromopropenamide, 2-BPA) is analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection for quantification and by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry for confirmation. The chromatographic analysis is performed on an ODS-3 C(18) column, and good retention and peak response of acrylamide are achieved under the optimal conditions. The limit of detection and quantitation are estimated to be 15 and 50 μg/kg, respectively. The recoveries of acrylamide from the commercial samples are spiked at levels of 50-1000 μg/kg, and range between 89.6 and 102.0%. These results show that this method should be regarded as a new, low-cost, and robust alternative for conventional investigation of acrylamide.

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“…An overview of the reported methodologies for the determination of acrylamide in food samples was shown in Table 3. Historically, one of the first protocols published for the analysis of acrylamide was GC separation using ECD or MS in determining drinking water acrylamide after derivatization (bromination with 2,3dibromopropionamide, 31 although this method has been practiced to complex matrices such as different food matrices. 32 This procedure seems to be very timeconsuming and with confined success in regarding its reproducibility.…”

Section: Methods Comparison Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Determination of Acrylamide after Its Extraction from Potato Chips

2019

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Background: Acrylamide is a known carcinogenic product that has been found among the substances such as potato chips which to be processed under the heat-treatment. In order to extract amounts of acrylamide from fried chips in market, an ultrasound-assisted liquid– liquid extraction (UA-LLE) technique is proposed. The UA-LLE coupled LLE and ultrasonication in a single step. Methods: Chips samples were dissolved in an extracting organic solvent using ultrasonication to prompt transferring of acrylamide into the organic phase. As a result, the extraction time and process efficiency were significantly enhanced through increasing the collision power and mass transfer between grounded chips and organic phase. Results: Important parameters affecting the extraction efficiency such as kind of organic solvent and its volume, re-dissolving solvent and pH were optimized. This newly proposed method has been applied to determine the trace acrylamide in potato chips samples purchased from local market. Conclusion: UA-LLE is a handy, economic and time-saving method, with high extraction yield (over 103% average recovery) and good precision (lower than 15% relative standard deviation, RSD). Most importantly, it seems this method to be an ideal pre-treatment method for the extraction of acrylamide in food matrix in food quality control laboratories.

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Chemistry of acrylamide bromination for trace analysis by gas chromatography and gas chromatography—mass spectrometry

Cited by 59 publications

References 6 publications

Acrylamide Monomer Leaching from Polyacrylamide‐Treated Irrigation Furrows

Acrylamide Monomer Leaching from Polyacrylamide‐Treated Irrigation Furrows

Determination of Acrylamide in Starch-Based Foods by HPLC with Pre-Column Ultraviolet Derivatization

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Determination of Acrylamide after Its Extraction from Potato Chips

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