Chemistry, analysis and immunological investigations of Echinacea phytopharmaceuticals

Bauer, Rudolf

doi:10.1007/978-3-0348-8763-2_2

Cited by 93 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Meanwhile, it inhibited markedly HBV DNA replication of HepG2.2.15 cells at concentrations of 50-100 µg/mL. Additionally, cichoric acid stimulates cell-mediated immunity and inhibits hyaluronidase activity and HIV infection, 13,24,27) thereby further suggesting that the anti-HBV effect of test compound is probably associated with its immunomodulation and blocking the steps of viral protein synthesis and DNA replication.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…22,23) Cichoric acid, as a natural caffeic acid derivative, stimulates cell-mediated immunity, exhibits anti-vesicular stomatitis virus and antioxidant activities, and inhibits hyaluronidase, an enzyme involved in infection and inflammation, has a stimulant effect on phagocytes and an inhibitive effect on the HIV infection. 13,[24][25][26][27][28] Although cichoric acid exhibits a variety of bioactivities, its pharmacological properties (especially antiviral potential) are not yet completely clear. In the present study, the hepatocyteprotective, anti-DHBV and anti-HBV effects of cichoric acid were evaluated by the D-GalN-induced HL-7702 cells damage model, the DHBV-infected primary duck fetal hepatocytes and the HBV-transfected HepG2.2.15 cells, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…37,41) In the study, cichoric acid inhibited significantly the DHBV DNA replication of the infected primary duck fetal hepatocytes. And that cichoric acid stimulates cell-mediated immunity and inhibits hyaluronidase activity and HIV infection, 13,24,27) thus indicating that the anti-DHBV effect of test compound was probably related to its immunomodulatory property and blocking viral DNA replication.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Hepatocyteprotective and Anti-hepatitis B Virus Properties of Cichoric Acid from <i>Cichorium intybus</i> Leaves in Cell Culture

Zhang

Dai

et al. 2014

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Hepatitis B is the most common serious liver infection in the world. To date, there is still no complete cure for chronic hepatitis B. Natural caffeic acid analogues possess prominent antiviral activity, especially anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) and anti-human immunodeficiency virus effects. Cichoric acid is a caffeic acid derivative from Cichorium intybus. In the study, the anti-hepatitis B property of cichoric acid was evaluated by the D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced normal human HL-7702 hepatocyte injury model, the duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV)-infected duck fetal hepatocytes and the HBV-transfected cell line HepG2.2.15 cells, respectively. The results showed that cichoric acid attenuated significantly D-GalN-induced HL-7702 hepatocyte injury at 10-100 µg/mL and produced a maximum protection rate of 56.26%. Moreover, cichoric acid at 1-100 µg/mL inhibited markedly DHBV DNA replication in infected duck fetal hepatocytes. Also, cichoric acid at 10-100 µg/mL reduced significantly the hepatitis B surface and envelope antigen levels in HepG2.2.15 cells and produced the maximum inhibition rates of 79.94% and 76.41%, respectively. Meanwhile, test compound at 50-100 µg/mL inhibited markedly HBV DNA replication. In conclusion, this study verifies the antihepatitis B effect of cichoric acid from Cichorium intybus leaves. In addition, cichoric acid could be used to design the antiviral agents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Hepatocyteprotective and Anti-hepatitis B Virus Properties of Cichoric Acid from <i>Cichorium intybus</i> Leaves in Cell Culture

Zhang

Dai

et al. 2014

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…Chicoric acid showed higher cell growths than both doxorubicin treatments, but only gave a significant trend with a 0.05 mm doxorubicin (p < 0.01); this indicates proliferative activity, which may work against low-enough concentrations of doxorubicin. Chicoric acid is a major component of E. purpurea extracts, and it is present in smaller amounts in E. angustifolia extracts [8]. Cynarine and 1,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid are also genuine compounds found in Echinacea root extracts [9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Proliferative Activity ofEchinacea angustifolia Root Extracts on Cancer Cells: Interference with Doxorubicin Cytotoxicity

Huntimer

Halaweish

Chase

2006

C&B

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Doxorubicin is an anticancer drug that causes apoptosis in cells, but cardiotoxicity limits the cumulative dose that can remain in the blood. Echinacea extracts have been prescribed to supplement cancer chemotherapy. In a recent study, it was reported that Echinacea purpurea extracts protected noncancerous cells from apoptosis. Our study aimed to determine interference with doxorubicin chemotherapy, and if fractions and compounds from Echinacea angustifolia roots protected the cells. Cervical and breast cancer cells were treated with the Echinacea samples and doxorubicin. At 0.05 and 0.5 mm doxorubicin concentration, cynarine increased HeLa cell growth by 48 -125% and 29 -101%, respectively (p < 0.01). At 0.05 mm doxorubicin concentration, chicoric acid increased cell growth by 23 -100% (p < 0.01). When MCF-7 cells were treated with Echinacea and doxorubicin, the ethyl acetate fraction increased cell growth by 20 -25%, and chicoric acid increased cell growth by 10 -15%. Cynarine showed proliferative activity on HeLa cells, but showed antiproliferative activity on MCF-7 cells. Results indicate that phenolic compounds are responsible for proliferative activity. Studies with individual compounds show that chicoric acid and cynarine interfered with cells treated with 0.5 mm doxorubicin. The results of this study show that Echinacea herbal medicines affect cell proliferation despite cancer treatment, and that herbal medicines require further study with respect to anticancer drugs.

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“…Echinacea, also, seems to activate the macrophages and other immunological functions in laboratory animals and humans. The evidences on the role of the polysaccharidic fraction of Echinacea on immunity are reported (Bauer, 1999). On the other hand, Bacillus spp., lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and other Gram-negative bacteria have been tested as fish probiotics (Irianto and Austin, 2002;VaŁ zquez et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trials to improve the response of Orechromis niloticus to Aeromonas hydrophila vaccine using immunostimulants (garlic, Echinacea) and probiotics (Organic GreenTM and Vet-YeastTM)

Aly¹,

Zohairy²,

Rahmani³

et al. 2016

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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This work aimed to investigate the role of some immunostimulants and probiotics in improving the response of overwintered tilapia to Aeromonas hydrophila vaccine. In this study, 15000 Nile tilapia fry (Orechromis niloticus) were collected and divided into five groups. Group 1 was the control, groups 2 to 5 were fed diet supplemented with garlic, Echinacea, Organic Green TM and Vet-Yeast TM respectively for 5 months. Vaccination with A. hydrophila bacteria was done by the end of the feeding experiment. The antibody titer of the vaccinated overwintered tilapia of all groups showed no significant changes during the same sampling time. A significant high value in the antibody titer was recognized in vaccinated overwintered tilapia at the end of 6 th -8 th week post-vaccination (PV) in the control group and between the 4 th -8 th week PV in the immunostimulant supplemented groups (Groups 2-3), and between the 2 nd -10 th week PV in probiotic supplemented groups (Groups 4 and 5). The challenge infection of the vaccinated tilapia showed the highest mortality in Group 1 while the lowest mortality was seen in Group 5. However, maximum protection after challenge was seen at 6 th week PV in other treated groups. The immunostimulants and probiotics under test proved efficient in improving the immune response to vaccination which will improve the resistance of tilapia fry against infection during the winter. The overall results are promising to implement overwintering fry culture program to economically maximize and efficiently use the available aquaculture facilities throughout the year.

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Chemistry, analysis and immunological investigations of Echinacea phytopharmaceuticals

Cited by 93 publications

References 55 publications

Evaluation of Hepatocyteprotective and Anti-hepatitis B Virus Properties of Cichoric Acid from <i>Cichorium intybus</i> Leaves in Cell Culture

Evaluation of Hepatocyteprotective and Anti-hepatitis B Virus Properties of Cichoric Acid from <i>Cichorium intybus</i> Leaves in Cell Culture

Proliferative Activity ofEchinacea angustifolia Root Extracts on Cancer Cells: Interference with Doxorubicin Cytotoxicity

Trials to improve the response of Orechromis niloticus to Aeromonas hydrophila vaccine using immunostimulants (garlic, Echinacea) and probiotics (Organic GreenTM and Vet-YeastTM)

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