Trials to improve the response of Orechromis niloticus to Aeromonas hydrophila vaccine using immunostimulants (garlic, Echinacea) and probiotics (Organic GreenTM and Vet-YeastTM)

Abstract

This work aimed to investigate the role of some immunostimulants and probiotics in improving the response of overwintered tilapia to Aeromonas hydrophila vaccine. In this study, 15000 Nile tilapia fry (Orechromis niloticus) were collected and divided into five groups. Group 1 was the control, groups 2 to 5 were fed diet supplemented with garlic, Echinacea, Organic Green TM and Vet-Yeast TM respectively for 5 months. Vaccination with A. hydrophila bacteria was done by the end of the feeding experiment. The antibody titer of the vaccinated overwintered tilapia of all groups showed no significant changes during the same sampling time. A significant high value in the antibody titer was recognized in vaccinated overwintered tilapia at the end of 6 th -8 th week post-vaccination (PV) in the control group and between the 4 th -8 th week PV in the immunostimulant supplemented groups (Groups 2-3), and between the 2 nd -10 th week PV in probiotic supplemented groups (Groups 4 and 5). The challenge infection of the vaccinated tilapia showed the highest mortality in Group 1 while the lowest mortality was seen in Group 5. However, maximum protection after challenge was seen at 6 th week PV in other treated groups. The immunostimulants and probiotics under test proved efficient in improving the immune response to vaccination which will improve the resistance of tilapia fry against infection during the winter. The overall results are promising to implement overwintering fry culture program to economically maximize and efficiently use the available aquaculture facilities throughout the year.

Oral Administration of Probiotics (Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum) in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Vaccinated and Challenged with Streptococcus agalactiae

“…The synergistic effect of vaccination and oral probiotic administration has also been shown by other infection studies which observed a better survival rate and relative protective level in Nile tilapia fed probiotic diets (Organic Green™ and Vet-Yeast™) and vaccinated against A. hydrophila [43]. The authors relate this positive result with the probiotics' effect to stimulate phagocytic activity (Organic Green™), complement activity, and interleukin 1 (IL-1β) gene expression, promoted by β-glucans (Vet-Yeast ™).…”

The effects of dietary Spirulina platensis or curcumin nanoparticles on performance, body chemical composition, blood biochemical, digestive enzyme, antioxidant and immune activities of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings

“…Intensive tilapia farming encourages disease outbreaks [ 7 ]. In particular, environmental factors, fish health, and pathogen variables impact the immune system, enabling pathogens to spread diseases [ 8 ].…”

Potential of Pseudomonas putida probiotic feed mixture for improving growth, immune response, and disease resistance in Nile Tilapia compared to Saccharomyces cerevisiae probiotic

“…Probiotics refer to live, dead, or parts of microbial cells that are mixed with feed or given through farm water to improve the growth, immunity, and health status of the host and increase its resistance to various infections (Aly et al 2008a(Aly et al , 2016Dawood et al 2019a). The beneficial effects of probiotics are achieved by restoring the natural microbial balance of the host's gut and surrounding environment (Martínez Cruz et al 2012), enhancing the quality of water, and improving feed utilization efficiency (Nimrat et al 2012).…”

“…Probiotics refer to live, dead, or parts of microbial cells that are mixed with feed or given through farm water to improve the growth, immunity, and health status of the host and increase its resistance to various infections (Aly et al. 2008a, 2016; Dawood et al. 2019a).…”