Chemische Veränderungen unbehandelter und modifizierter Wolle durch Reaktorstrahlung sowie ⁶⁰Co‐γ‐Strahlung in Gegenwart von Luftsauerstoff

Abstract

Unbehandelte und chemisch modifizierte Wolle wurden 60Co‐γ‐Strahlung bzw. Reaktor‐Strahlung (in Gegenwart von Luftsauerstoff) ausgesetzt. Wasserdampf‐Aufnahmefähigkeit, Alkali‐Löslichkeit, Cysteinsäure‐Zunahme, Tyrosin‐ und Tryptophan‐Abbau, Zunahme des Ammoniak‐Stickstoffs und des wasserlöslichen Stickstoffs sowie mechanische Faserschädigung lassen auf bevorzugte Angriffsstellen im Wollkeratin gegenüber Strahlungen hoher Energie schließen. Eine deutliche Stabilisierung gegen die Strahlungseinwirkung kann man durch Einbau aromatischer Gruppen erreichen.

Effects of Ionizing Radiations on Wool. Part II : Chemical Modifications of Keratins

“…Except for cystine, the recovery of the amino acids in the irradiated wool is never lower than 90%. The effect of radiations, as reported earlier [4], shows up on the tyrosine content which decreases both in the wool irradiated under N2 or under °2' In the wool irradiated under N2, moreover, the content of arginine, threonine, and aspartic acid decreases slowly, while in the wool irradiated under OZ, there are losses in the proline recovery are of the order of 10%. It was also noted, that an increase of the simpler aliphatic amino acids, such as glycine, alanine, and'valine, corresponds to the cleavage of the more complex amino acids.…”

Effects of Ionizing Radiations on Wool. Part I: Solubility in Alkalis, Acids, Urea, and Urea-Bisulfite Solutions

“…The zero mortality of the larvae in all tests indicates a low toxicity due to the chemical combination of the glutaraldehyde with wool keratin. The effects of ionizing radiations on textile fibers particularly on wool, has been the subject of many studies [1,4,6,10]. The effect of such radiation is independent of type and source, and it seems to depend only on the total energy absorbed by the material [2].…”