Effects of Ionizing Radiations on Wool. Part I: Solubility in Alkalis, Acids, Urea, and Urea-Bisulfite Solutions

Abstract

974sample. A test would also be considered invalid if mortality was more than 10% among the larvae exposed to the untreated controls.The results of the 14-day CSMA feedings tests conducted with black carpet beetle larvae on samples of , glutaraldehyde-modified wool and wool cloth are given in Table I. All of the biological evaluations were conducted in a darkened cabinet at a constant temperature of 26.6 t 1.1°C and 60 t 5% RH. . DiscussionNone of the modifications satisfactorily protected the wool against larval feeding, as judged by the adjusted weight loss and excrement per larva. Glutaraldehyde-modification appeared to increase the rate of feeding at the 1.9% level, but had only a slight effect on the rate at the maximum 4.1% concentration. There were no significant differences in adjusted weight loss and excrement per larva between the glutaraldehyde-modified wool cloth and the unmodified wool cloth. The zero mortality of the larvae in all tests indicates a low toxicity due to the chemical combination of the glutaraldehyde with wool keratin.Dear Sir: -The effects of ionizing radiations on textile fibers particularly on wool, has been the subject of many studies [1, 4, 6, 10]. The effect of such radiation is independent of type and source, and it seems to depend only on the total energy absorbed by the material [2]. This action increases the susceptibility of the 6ber towards . chemical attack, and it produces a decrease in the mechanical properties of the 6bers. The practical application of ionizing radiation to such uses as in situ poly-merization of monomers, graft polymerization of woolen fabrics [9] is always dependent upon the highest tolerable dose of radiation without damage. This laboratory began an investigation of this subject to determine the effect of irradiation at the molecular level through different measurements on materials subjected to irradiations from 1 to 50 megarads, the most interesting range, in the presence of oxygen or nitrogen.We report in this Letter solubility data of wool in alkalis, acids, urea, and urea-bisul6te solutions..

Effects of Ionizing Radiations on Wool. Part II : Chemical Modifications of Keratins

“…The determination of the total amount of amino acids of keratin and of cysteic acid (Fig. 1) was on samples hydrolyzed for 12 hr at 105°C with 5.7 N HCI on auto-analyzer, Beckman Model 120B, with spherical resins type 50B and 15A [11].Irradiation of wool and the determination of the dose were performed as reported previously [9]. Table I lists the composition of the greater part of the amino acids of wool before and after irradiation at 50 Mrad.…”

“…Irradiation of wool and the determination of the dose were performed as reported previously [9]. Table I lists the composition of the greater part of the amino acids of wool before and after irradiation at 50 Mrad.…”