Chemical weathering and associated CO2 consumption in six major river basins, South Korea

Shin, Woojin; Ryu, Jong-Sik; Park, Youngyun; Lee, Kwang-Sik

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2011.02.028

Cited by 45 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…Geologically important sources of chloride are appetite, sodalite, connate water, and hot springs (Anithamary et al 2012;Freeze and Cherry 1979). Higher concentration was observed in the downstream of Amaravathi River basin mainly due to the surface runoff from agricultural land, sewage and municipal wastes, and effluents from dyeing and bleaching industries; same observations were reported by Shin et al (2011) and Yu and Park (2004).…”

Section: Chloridesupporting

confidence: 79%

Hydrochemical characteristics and quality assessment of groundwater in Amaravathi river basin of Karur district, Tamil Nadu, South India

Ahamed

Loganathan

Jayakumar

2015

Sustain. Water Resour. Manag.

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The hydrochemical study of groundwater in Karur district of the Amaravathi River basin has been carried out to assess the major ion chemistry and groundwater quality for domestic and drinking purposes. Twenty-four groundwater samples were collected, processed, and analyzed for various physico-chemical parameters such as pH; electrical conductivity; total dissolved solids; total hardness; cations such as calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium; anions such as bicarbonate, chloride, sulfate, fluoride, nitrate, and phosphate in the laboratory using the standard methods given by the American Public Health Association (Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 21st edn. American Public Health Association, Washington DC, 2005). For quality assessment, the results were compared with water quality standards prescribed by the Bureau of Indian standards (Indian standards specification for drinking water 15:10500. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, 2003) Concerning water for irrigation purposes, parameters such as percent sodium (% Na), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), chloro-alkaline indices (CAI I and CAI II), permeability index (PI), magnesium hazard (MH), Kelley's ratio (KR), USSL diagram, Gibbs' ratio (GR), and Wilcox diagram were calculated on the basis of chemical data to evaluate the current status of groundwater in the Amaravathi River basin. Parameters like MH (74 %), KR (75 %), RSC (95 %), and PI (69 %) in all three seasons indicate that the samples are suitable for irrigation and remaining are unsuitable. From USSL diagram, the result reveals that the samples fall in C3-S1 and C4-S1 indicate high to very high-salinity and lowsodium hazards. Wilcox diagram revealed out of 24 samples, sample no. 7, 8, and 11 in pre-monsoon, monsoon, and postmonsoon seasons fall under doubtful to unsuitable and 9 fall under unsuitable zone. The positive CAI values in 66 % samples in all three seasons indicate reverse ion exchange mechanism. The present study may be helpful for further studies concerning water quality issues in this area, where groundwater is a vital for drinking and other activities.

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Section: Chloridesupporting

confidence: 79%

Hydrochemical characteristics and quality assessment of groundwater in Amaravathi river basin of Karur district, Tamil Nadu, South India

Ahamed

Loganathan

Jayakumar

2015

Sustain. Water Resour. Manag.

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“…The ratio of (Ca 2+ +Mg 2+ )/Na + for the silicate end-member was 0.61 ± 0.13, which is close to the silicate end-member for the world's rivers ((Ca 2+ +Mg 2+ )/Na + = 0.59±0.17, Gaillardet et al, 1999). Moreover, previous research has documented the chemical composition of rivers, such as the Amur and the Songhuajiang in northern China, the Xishui in the lower reaches of the Changjiang, and major rivers in South Korea (Moon et al, 2009;Liu et al, 2013;Wu et al, 2013;Ryu et al, 2008;Shin et al, 2011). These river basins have similar lithological settings to the study area, so we could further validate the composition of the silicate end-member with their results.…”

Section: Chemical Weathering Inputssupporting

confidence: 64%

“…The assumption about Si could lead to an overestimation of the silicate weathering rate, as part of the silica may come from dissolution of biogenic materials rather than the weathering of silicate minerals (Millot et al, 2003;Shin et al, 2011). Thus, the cationic silicate weathering rates (Cat sil ) were also calculated.…”

Section: W Liu Et Al: Geochemistry Of the Dissolved Loads During Himentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although it is difficult to determine the sources of nitrate in river water, we can at least simply assume that nitrate from acid deposition is one of the proton providers. The consumption of CO 2 by rock weathering would be overestimated if H 2 SO 4 -and HNO 3 -induced rock weathering was ignored (Spence and Telmer, 2005;Xu and Liu, 2010;Shin et al, 2011;Gandois et al, 2011). Thus, the role that anthropogenic-sourced protons play on chemical weathering is crucial for an accurate estimation of CO 2 consumption by rock weathering.…”

Section: Co 2 Consumption and The Role Of Sulfuric Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liu et al: Geochemistry of the dissolved loads during high-flow season of rivers son et al, 1996;Galy and France-Lanord, 1999;Huh, 2003;Millot et al, 2002Millot et al, , 2003Oliva et al, 2003;West et al, 2005;Moon et al, 2007;Noh et al, 2009;Shin et al, 2011;Calmels et al, 2011;Li et al, 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Geochemistry of the dissolved loads during high-flow season of rivers in the southeastern coastal region of China: anthropogenic impact on chemical weathering and carbon sequestration

Liu

Sun

et al. 2018

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. The southeastern coastal region is one of the most developed and populated areas in China. Meanwhile, it has been severely impacted by acid rain over many years. The chemical compositions and carbon isotope compositions of dissolved inorganic carbon (δ 13 C DIC ) in river water in the high-flow season were investigated to estimate the chemical weathering and associated atmospheric CO 2 consumption rates as well as the acid-deposition disturbance. Mass balance calculations indicated that the dissolved loads of major rivers in the Southeast Coastal River Basin (SECRB) were contributed to by atmospheric (14.3 %, 6.6 %-23.4 %), anthropogenic (15.7 %, 0 %-41.1 %), silicate weathering (39.5 %, 17.8 %-74.0 %) and carbonate weathering inputs (30.6 %, 3.9 %-62.0 %). The silicate and carbonate chemical weathering rates for these river watersheds were 14.2-35.8 and 1.8-52.1 t km −2 a −1 , respectively. The associated mean CO 2 consumption rate by silicate weathering for the whole SECRB was 191 × 10 3 mol km −2 a −1 . The chemical and δ 13 C DIC evidence indicated that sulfuric and nitric acid (mainly from acid deposition) were significantly involved in the chemical weathering of rocks. There was an overestimation of CO 2 consumption at 0.19 × 10 12 g C a −1 if sulfuric and nitric acid were ignored, which accounted for about 33.6 % of the total CO 2 consumption by silicate weathering in the SECRB. This study quantitatively highlights the role of acid deposition in chemical weathering, suggesting that the anthropogenic impact should be seriously considered in estimations of chemical weathering and associated CO 2 consumption.

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Marine silicate weathering in the anoxic sediment of the Ulleung Basin: Evidence and consequences

Kim

Torres

Haley

et al. 2016

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Marine silicate weathering (MSiW) in anoxic sediments has been recently shown to be a significant sink for CO2 generated by methanogenesis. Independently, the roles of clay dehydration (illitization) in producing water and driving upward fluid advection have been well established in deep marine sediments, but to date the K+ source required for the reaction has not been established. Here we present chemical and strontium isotope properties of pore fluids from seven cores in the Ulleung Basin, which show radiogenic 87Sr/86Sr values (up to ∼0.71045), very high alkalinity values (maximum ∼130 mM), and enrichment in H4SiO4, Na+, K+, and Mg2+, consistent with MSiW. This reaction consumes CO2, generates alkalinity, and acts as a K+ source for illitization; water released from MSiW‐supported illitization drives upward fluid flow. Our results highlight the importance of MSiW along continental margins and its underappreciated role in carbon cycling, silicate diagenesis, and hydrogeology of marine systems.

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Chemical weathering and associated CO2 consumption in six major river basins, South Korea

Cited by 45 publications

References 43 publications

Hydrochemical characteristics and quality assessment of groundwater in Amaravathi river basin of Karur district, Tamil Nadu, South India

Hydrochemical characteristics and quality assessment of groundwater in Amaravathi river basin of Karur district, Tamil Nadu, South India

Geochemistry of the dissolved loads during high-flow season of rivers in the southeastern coastal region of China: anthropogenic impact on chemical weathering and carbon sequestration

Marine silicate weathering in the anoxic sediment of the Ulleung Basin: Evidence and consequences

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