Chemical Synthesis, Characterization, and Electrochemical Studies of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/Poly(styrene-4-sulfonate) Composites

Lefebvre, Mark C.; Qi, Zhigang; Rana, Danesh; Pickup, Peter G.

doi:10.1021/cm9804618

Cited by 149 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…PEDOT can be synthesized by electrochemical polymerization using an active supporting electrolyte or by oxidative chemical polymerization to obtain aqueous dispersions stabilized by a water-soluble poly(styrene sulfonate) [15][16][17]. In last years, PEDOT and its derivatives have been widely applied in the energy field, as for example to fabricate the cathode and anode in all-organic supercapacitors [18,19], electrochemical microactuators [20], and catalysts for polymer electrolyte fuel cells [21,22].…”

Section: Among Commercially Available Ecps Poly(34-ethylenedioxythimentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the fabrication of all-polythiophene supercapacitors

2017

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Abstract. The influence of the preparation method in the properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) electrodes used to manufacture organic energy storage devices, as for example supercapacitors, have been examined by considering a reduction of both monomer and supporting electrolyte concentrations during the anodic polymerization reaction. Thus, the excellent electrochemical properties of PEDOT films prepared using quiescent solutions have been preserved by applying controlled agitation to the polymerization process, even though the concentration of monomer and supporting electrolyte were reduced 5 and 2 times, respectively. For example, the charge stored for reversible exchange in a redox process, the electrochemical stability and the current productivity of films achieved using quiescent solutions have been preserved using a dynamic reaction medium in which the concentrations of monomer and supporting electrolyte are several times lower. The excellent properties of PEDOT electrodes prepared using optimized dynamic conditions have also been proved by constructing a symmetric supercapacitor. This energy storage device, which has been used as power source for a LED bulb, is rechargeable and exhibits higher chargedischarge capacities than supercapacitors prepared with electrodes derived from quiescent solutions. In addition of bring an efficacious procedure for preparing costeffective PEDOT films with excellent properties, the proposed dynamic conditions reduce the environmental hazards of depleted reaction media.

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Section: Among Commercially Available Ecps Poly(34-ethylenedioxythimentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the fabrication of all-polythiophene supercapacitors

2017

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“…The low and intermediate frequency part of the spectra is related to ion diffusion and redox capacitance in the polymer film as described by previous authors. 11,32,33,47 The Warburg region is slightly longer for PEDOT:heparin than PEDOT:HA and PEDOT:PSS which indicates higher ionic resistance of PEDOT:heparin.…”

Section: A Eismentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite biomolecule/PEDOT materials for neural electrodes

2008

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Electrodes intended for neural communication must be designed to meet both the electrochemical and biological requirements essential for long term functionality. Metallic electrode materials have been found inadequate to meet these requirements and therefore conducting polymers for neural electrodes have emerged as a field of interest. One clear advantage with polymer electrodes is the possibility to tailor the material to have optimal biomechanical and chemical properties for certain applications. To identify and evaluate new materials for neural communication electrodes, three charged biomolecules, fibrinogen, hyaluronic acid (HA), and heparin are used as counterions in the electrochemical polymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). The resulting material is evaluated electrochemically and the amount of exposed biomolecule on the surface is quantified. PEDOT:biomolecule surfaces are also studied with static contact angle measurements as well as scanning electron microscopy and compared to surfaces of PEDOT electrochemically deposited with surfactant counterion polystyrene sulphonate (PSS). Electrochemical measurements show that PEDOT:heparin and PEDOT:HA, both have the electrochemical properties required for neural electrodes, and PEDOT:heparin also compares well to PEDOT:PSS. PEDOT:fibrinogen is found less suitable as neural electrode material.

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“…3). A decrease in ionic conductivity was expected after incorporating PEDOT-PSS, 14 however, the ionic conductivity determined using 4-electrode ionic conductivity suggested otherwise. It is known that the conductivity of Nafion membranes increases with increasing membrane thickness ($0.7 mS cm À1 mm À1 from 40 to 80 mm), 13 however, the increase in ionic conductivity of a 12% PEDOT-PSS/ Nafion composite was $3.8 mS cm À1 mm À1 (see ESI 7 †).…”

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confidence: 99%