Chemical surface alteration of biodegradable magnesium exposed to corrosion media

Willumeit‐Römer, Regine; Fischer, Janine; Feyerabend, Frank; Hort, Norbert; Bismayer, U.; Heidrich, Stefanie; Mihailova, Boriana

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2011.03.004

Cited by 183 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…It could be shown that in cell culture environment degradation rates more similar to those observed in vivo could be obtained 8 . Moreover, in this artificial environment additional chemical reactions are taking place, which lead to a very complex degradation environment, also more comparable to the findings in vivo 5,6,[9][10][11] .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Magnesium degradation observed in situ under flow by synchrotron radiation based microtomography

Feyerabend

Dose

et al. 2016

SPIE Proceedings

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The use of degradable magnesium based implants is becoming clinically relevant, e.g. for the use as bone screws. Still there is a lack of analyzing techniques to characterize the in vitro degradation behavior of implant prototypes. The aim of this study was to design an in situ environment to continuously monitor the degradation processes under physiological conditions by time-lapse SRµCT. The use of physiological conditions was chosen to get a better approach to the in vivo situation, as it could be shown by many studies, that these conditions change on the one hand the degradation rate and on the other hand also the formed degradation products. The resulting in situ environment contains a closed bioreactor system to control and monitor the relevant parameters (37°C, 5 % O 2 , 20 % CO 2 ) and to grant sterility of the setup. A flow cell was designed and manufactured from polyether etherketone (PEEK), which was chosen because of the good mechanical properties, high thermal and chemical resistance and radiographic translucency. Sterilization of the system including the sample was reached by a transient flush with 70 % ethanol and subsequent replacement by physiological medium (Modified Eagle Medium alpha). As proof of principle it could be shown that the system remained sterile during a beamtime of several days and that the continuous SRµCT imaging was feasible.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Magnesium degradation observed in situ under flow by synchrotron radiation based microtomography

Feyerabend

Dose

et al. 2016

SPIE Proceedings

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“…As was shown by earlier studies, Mg2+ facilitates calcification by stimulating the formation of calcium phosphates and thus decreases the amount of free Ca2+ in the surrounding medium. 10,20 In fact, all magnesium-based materials decreased the amount of Ca2+ in the solution. Pure Mg and Mg10Gd had a similar effect on Ca2+: first, a high decrease and then only slow further reduction, whereas WE43 and Mg2Ag had a constant rate of depletion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that corrosion is faster in vitro than in vivo by several orders of magnitude.10 This can be explained by the presence of proteins and other organic molecules in blood that create a protective coating around magnesium, slowing down corrosion. 10 Thus, an addition of proteins in the form of fetal bovine serum (FBS) into the cell growth media would more closely imitate the in vivo environment than just using pure media. Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) contains inorganic salts, calcium, amino acids and vitamins, and is thus very close to physiologic conditions.10…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Resorption of Magnesium Materials and its Effect on Surface and Surrounding Environment

Charyeva¹

2015

MOJT

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Introduction: Magnesium has attracted much attention for its potential use in trauma and orthopedics fields due to its mechanical properties, biocompatibility, biodegradability and the possible ability to stimulate bone formation. It is desirable for magnesium-based alloys to have a low toxicity rate so the fractured bone heals before the implant resorbs. Materials and methods:Corrosion properties of Mg2Ag, Mg10Gd, WE43 and 99.99% pure Mg were studied under physiological conditions. The samples were placed in DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and corrosion was studied after immersion and by gas evolution tests. The corrosion rate (CR), osmolality, pH and Ca2¬+ concentrations, as well as surface changes in the form of average surface roughness (Sa), developed surface area ratio (Sdr) and summit density (Sds), were determined.Results: WE43 showed the highest CR of all the materials tested-1.057 mm/year, which is almost twice as high as in the other samples. The lowest mean CR was in the Mg2Ag group. All alloys made pH more alkaline and decreased the concentration of free Ca2¬+ in the solution. Osmolality decreased in all samples after day 7. Pure Mg had the most constant Sa and Sdr while WE43 had the most stable Sds of all materials over the observation period. Conclusion:The surface of alloys changed as the implants corroded: the summits became lower with time, while the pitting corrosion progressed. Mg2Ag was the most promising of all the studied materials with regard to toxicity.

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“…When using more complex media, such as cell growth media (e.g., Dulbeco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) or Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium (EMEM)), the additional inorganic and organic compounds significantly alter 3 the corrosion behaviour [22]. Changing to solutions that in addition contain proteins also provides different results, which usually produces a decrease in the corrosion rate (e.g., [22][23][24][25]) and alters compositions of the corrosion layer [26]. If measurements are performed under cell culture conditions, the influence of O 2 and CO 2 is also observed, and the ratio of the resulting corrosion products is shifted compared to those under atmospheric conditions [27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium degradation as determined by artificial neural networks

2013

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Chemical surface alteration of biodegradable magnesium exposed to corrosion media

Cited by 183 publications

References 56 publications

Magnesium degradation observed in situ under flow by synchrotron radiation based microtomography

Magnesium degradation observed in situ under flow by synchrotron radiation based microtomography

In Vitro Resorption of Magnesium Materials and its Effect on Surface and Surrounding Environment

Magnesium degradation as determined by artificial neural networks

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