Chemical profiles of cuticular waxes on various organs of Sorghum bicolor and their antifungal activities

Xiao, Yinlong; Li, Xiaoting; Yao, Lei; Xu, Deyang; Li, Yang; Zhang, Xuefeng; Zhen, Li; Xiao, Qainlin; Ni, Yu; Guo, Yanjun

doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.08.026

Cited by 13 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This is due to the presence of secondary compounds present in sorghum seedlings whose deleterious effects require a longer period for the insect to complete the immature stage [30]. Epicuticular wax is a complex mixture of different aliphatic compounds, which contains compounds of alkanes, alcohols (primary and secondary), aldehydes, acids, ketones, βdicetones, and esters [31,32], whose proportions vary according to the genotypes and the environmental conditions in which the plant is developing. Although no difference was found between treatments regarding the wax content present in sorghum leaves, epicuticular wax can be deposited in different physical forms, such as thin layers, plaques, or crystals of different sizes and shapes [32].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epicuticular wax is a complex mixture of different aliphatic compounds, which contains compounds of alkanes, alcohols (primary and secondary), aldehydes, acids, ketones, βdicetones, and esters [31,32], whose proportions vary according to the genotypes and the environmental conditions in which the plant is developing. Although no difference was found between treatments regarding the wax content present in sorghum leaves, epicuticular wax can be deposited in different physical forms, such as thin layers, plaques, or crystals of different sizes and shapes [32]. These chemical-physical characteristics may confer the function of protection against the action of sucking pest insects during the feeding process [17].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nymphal Performance and Fecundity of Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Different Sorghum Genotypes

Canassa¹,

Baldin²

2022

Entomol Appl Sci Lett

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Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a tropical grass native to the African continent that is often used as human and animal feed. Polyphagous insects such as the sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), have benefited from the increase of sorghum planted in Brazil, the United States (US), and around the world. This study evaluated the performance of nymphs and adult fecundity of sugarcane aphids in 12 sorghum genotypes to find sources of resistance to the aphid while considering the current lack of efficient control methods that are less aggressive to the environment. Each repetition consisted of a single sorghum seedling infested with 10 nymphs in the first instar, in no-choice tests, totaling 10 replicates per genotype. The pre-reproductive period, nymphal period, daily and total nymph production, nymphal viability, percentage of adult emergence, and wax content were evaluated. After five days of confinement, the plants were evaluated, counting the number of adults present in the seedlings. All genotypes compromised the biological performance of M. sacchari. The genotypes 84P68, CHR 2042, DKS 3707, HG35W, M60GB31, SP73B12, and 95207 induced 100% of nymphal mortality. No difference was found between genotypes in the wax content on the sorghum leaves. These results are important for the species M. sacchari and may provide subsidies for future breeding programs, focusing on sorghum resistance to aphids.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nymphal Performance and Fecundity of Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Different Sorghum Genotypes

Canassa¹,

Baldin²

2022

Entomol Appl Sci Lett

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“…In other words, although VLCFA are precursors of all aliphatic wax components, their abundance in cuticular waxes is highly variable according to the plant species considered. For example, VLCFA account only for about 2 and 8% of all aliphatic compounds in arabidopsis stem and leaf waxes, respectively [ 61 ], but represent the most abundant acyl-chain class in Sorghum sheath (42.8% of the total, [ 68 ]). For cuticular wax biosynthesis, VLC-acyl-CoAs derived from fatty acid elongation are converted into several aliphatic derivatives through two distinct pathways: the alcohol-forming pathway and the alkane-forming pathway [ 16 ] ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Vlcfa-derived Surface Lipids Constitute the Border Between Plants And Its Surrounding Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis and Functions of Very-Long-Chain Fatty Acids in the Responses of Plants to Abiotic and Biotic Stresses

Batsale

Bahammou

Fouillen

et al. 2021

Cells

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Very-long-chain fatty acids (i.e., fatty acids with more than 18 carbon atoms; VLCFA) are important molecules that play crucial physiological and structural roles in plants. VLCFA are specifically present in several membrane lipids and essential for membrane homeostasis. Their specific accumulation in the sphingolipids of the plasma membrane outer leaflet is of primordial importance for its correct functioning in intercellular communication. VLCFA are found in phospholipids, notably in phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine, where they could play a role in membrane domain organization and interleaflet coupling. In epidermal cells, VLCFA are precursors of the cuticular waxes of the plant cuticle, which are of primary importance for many interactions of the plant with its surrounding environment. VLCFA are also major components of the root suberin barrier, which has been shown to be fundamental for nutrient homeostasis and plant adaptation to adverse conditions. Finally, some plants store VLCFA in the triacylglycerols of their seeds so that they later play a pivotal role in seed germination. In this review, taking advantage of the many studies conducted using Arabidopsis thaliana as a model, we present our current knowledge on the biosynthesis and regulation of VLCFA in plants, and on the various functions that VLCFA and their derivatives play in the interactions of plants with their abiotic and biotic environment.

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“…The amounts of cuticular wax of sorghum can reach 9-15 µg/cm 2 on leaf and 113 µg/cm 2 on sheath (Jordan et al, 1984;Jenks et al, 2000). Detailed chemical analysis of sorghum wax showed that sheath wax was dominated with acids (42.8%), whereas leaf was dominated with alkanes (28.4%) and aldehydes (28.4%), and stem with aldehydes (80.8%) (Xiao et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have shown that plant cuticular waxes can be applied in food processing (de Freitas et al, 2019), postharvest storage (Mattos et al, 2017), pharmacological activities (Szakiel et al, 2012), and disease control (Favaro et al, 2020). A study using sorghum wax also indicated that sorghum sheath bloom would reduce the growth of Penicillium but unchange Alternaria alternata (Xiao et al, 2020). By scraping the sheath bloom from sweet sorghum, Cai et al (2013) found that the addition of wax powder inhibited the acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation using Clostridium acetobutylicum ABE1201.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epicuticular wax of sweet sorghum influenced the microbial community and fermentation quality of silage

et al. 2022

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Epicuticular wax, as secondary metabolites (hydrophobic compounds) covering plant surface, plays important roles in protecting plants from abiotic and biotic stresses. However, whether these compounds will influence fermentation process of silage is still not clear. In this study, two sweet sorghum cultivars with varying epicuticular wax on sheath (bloom), Yajin 2 (YJ, less bloom), and Jintian (JT, dense bloom), were harvested at flowering and maturing stages, and ensiled with or without bloom, aiming to evaluate the effects of bloom on fermentation quality, feed nutrition and microbial community. The bloom was collected manually with de-waxed cotton and extracted with chloroform. The results showed that the bloom reduced the concentrations of water-soluble carbohydrate and crude protein of the two cultivars at both stages, reduced lactic acid (LA) for YJ at both stages and for JT at flowering stage, and increased LA for JT at mature stage. The α-diversity of bacterial communities of the silage fermentation with bloom was significantly lower than that without bloom. Bloom increased the abundance of Lactobacillus, reduced that of Bacillus and Weissella, and significant correlations were observed between fermentative qualities and bacterial abundances. However, decreased diversity of bacterial community and the contents of LA implied that shifts in bacterial community might exert negative effects on silage fermentation. Our results suggest that bloom wax could alter the microbial community composition of ensiled sweet sorghums, which thus influence the fermentation qualities.

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Chemical profiles of cuticular waxes on various organs of Sorghum bicolor and their antifungal activities

Cited by 13 publications

References 45 publications

Nymphal Performance and Fecundity of Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Different Sorghum Genotypes

Nymphal Performance and Fecundity of Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Different Sorghum Genotypes

Biosynthesis and Functions of Very-Long-Chain Fatty Acids in the Responses of Plants to Abiotic and Biotic Stresses

Epicuticular wax of sweet sorghum influenced the microbial community and fermentation quality of silage

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