Chemical peeling for acne and melasma: current knowledge and innovations

An overview of treatment options for mild‐to‐moderate acne based on American Academy of Dermatology, European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, and Italian Society of Dermatology and Venereology guidelines

“…There are three peeling groups: alpha hydroxyacids (citric acid, mandelic acid, lactic acid, and glycolic acid [GA]); beta hydroxyacids (salicylic acid and trichloroacetic acid), and phenol, for deep peeling 23 . The purpose of peeling treatment is to create skin exfoliation and stimulate regeneration; moreover, the inflammatory process induced by these acids leads to the stimulation of fibroblasts and the production of collagen 24 . Different chemical peels can be used alone or combined with each other and the depth of action varies according to their different percentage, with mandelic and salicylic acid used in a superficial peeling and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and phenol that are used to get deeper into the dermis.…”

“…23 The purpose of peeling treatment is to create skin exfoliation and stimulate regeneration; moreover, the inflammatory process induced by these acids leads to the stimulation of fibroblasts and the production of collagen. 24 Different chemical peels can be before and after treatment were collected. 25 All three groups showed statistically significant differences in terms of lesion reduction, but did not show a statistically significant difference in responses between groups, in terms of grading before and after or counting in lesions.…”

The factors influencing the unmet effects of alpha hydroxy acid peels on acne vulgaris: A single tertiary center experience

“…The sebum and keratin occluded in the follicle may be activated by peel damage and make the acne condition more severe. 20 Therefore, we suggest that comedone extraction must be performed after a peel to reduce inflammation on the skin. In this cohort, 54.7% (41/75) of patients with unmet effects after the first AHA treatment eventually achieved satisfactory effects.…”

“…The pathophysiology of this response is unclear, and we hypothesized that AHAs could initially deroof comedones. The sebum and keratin occluded in the follicle may be activated by peel damage and make the acne condition more severe 20 . Therefore, we suggest that comedone extraction must be performed after a peel to reduce inflammation on the skin.…”

Resurfacing with a new 675‐nm laser device: A case series

“…1 Laser technologies in this area have also evolved from ablative lasers to nonablative lasers, which stimulate dermal fibroblasts to produce new collagen that lead to reduction of skin wrinkles and improvement of skin texture. 2 In fact, with aging, degradation of collagen and an abnormal accumulation of elastin in the dermis can be observed; this process causes loss of elasticity, resulting in an increase of wrinkles and accumulation of melanin, generating dyschromia.…”